The myxoviruses which infect man can be divided into two major subgroups (Table 1): the influenza subgroup which includes influenza virus types A, B, and C and the noninfluenza subgroup which includes parainfluenza types 1 (HA-2), 2 (CA), 3 (HA-1), and 4, mumps, measles, and respiratory syncytial viruses. Related but distinct antigenic variants or subtypes have been detected among types of both...

The pattern of breast-feeding in 127 infants admitted to hospital with respiratory syncytial virus infection was compared with that in 503 age-matched controls. Thirty per cent of children with infection had been breast-fed compared with 49% of controls. The approximate relative risk of being admitted to hospital with respiratory syncytial virus infection if not breast-fed was 2.2. Several othe...

BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an established cause of serious lower respiratory disease in children, but the burden in adults is less well studied. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of hospitalizations among adults ≥20 years from the 1997-2012 National Inpatient Sample. Trends in RSV admissions were described relative to unspecified viral pneumonia admissions. Hospi...

Respiratory epithelium is both a target and an effector of airway inflammation. Adhesion molecules on epithelium play an important role in a variety of airway diseases. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important pathogen for airway diseases in infants. The expression of adhesion molecules on epithelium in RSV infection, however, is unclear. The expression of selected adhesion molec...

BACKGROUND Seasonal influenza viruses and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are primary causes of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in children. New respiratory viruses including human metapneumovirus (hMPV), human bocavirus (hBoV), and influenza 2009 A(H1N1) virus have a strong impact on the pediatric population. OBJECTIVES To evaluate epidemiological and clinical features of ARTIs ...

Among 40 allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients who developed symptomatic respiratory syncytial virus infection, including 22 patients with lower respiratory tract infection, 19 received palivizumab (9 of whom had upper respiratory tract disease). Palivizumab did not prevent progression to lower respiratory infection and had no impact on the overall survival rate.

Acute respiratory tract infection is a leading cause of significant morbidity worldwide. It is one of the most important causes of mortality in infants and young children and disabilityadjusted life years lost in developing countries (WHO 2009). Although some viruses, such as influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus and human adenovirus are responsible for most acute respiratory tract infec...

Antibody prevalence against respiratory viruses was noted, as follows: adenovirus (1.3%), influenza A (0.6%), influenza B (12.7%), parainfluenza-1 (22.3%), parainfluenza-2 (2.5%), parainfluenza-3 (18.5%) and respiratory syncytial virus (0.6%). The difference in antibody prevalence between the different virus antigens was statistically significant. High antibody rates to influenza B, parainfluen...

AIM The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of reintubation due to upper airway obstruction in a homogeneous group of ventilated infants with Respiratory Syncytial Virus bronchiolitis. Our secondary objective was to determine whether prophylactic administration of dexamethasone prior to extubation was associated with decreased risk of reintubation. METHODS This retrospective ...