Attachment disorder is a broad term intended to describe disorders of mood, behavior, and social relationships arising from a failure to form normal attachments to primary care giving figures in early childhood. Such a failure would result from unusual early experiences of neglect, abuse, abrupt separation from caregivers after about age 6 months but before about age 3 years, frequent change of...

BACKGROUND Despite the progress in vitreoretinal surgery and the importance of silicone oil as an adjunct for the treatment of complex forms of retinal detachment, controversy still surrounds the issue of selecting the proper oil viscosity for clinical use. Herein, we evaluate the outcomes of retinal detachment (RD) surgery after removing silicone oils of different viscosities. METHODS In thi...

Unique domains of the retinal interphotoreceptor matrix (IPM), termed cone matrix sheaths, are composed largely of chondroitin 6-sulfate proteoglycan in most higher mammalian species. Recent investigations suggest that cone matrix sheaths participate in the maintenance of normal retinal attachment. To investigate the potential functional roles of IPM proteoglycans further, the synthesis of cone...

Unique domains of the retinal interphotoreceptor matrix (IPM), termed cone matrix sheaths, are composed largely of chondroitin 6-sulfate proteoglycan in most higher mammalian species. Recent investigations suggest that cone matrix sheaths participate in the maintenance of normal retinal attachment. To investigate the potential functional roles of IPM proteoglycans further, the synthesis of cone...

Aims: To compare the success rates of vitrectomy and gas with vitrectomy, gas, and buckle in the treatment of inferior break retinal detachments. Methods: A retrospective case note review of 86 patients who presented with inferior break retinal detachments was carried out. An inferior break was defined as a horseshoe tear present between 4 and 8 o’clock. Patients were analysed in two groups; gr...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine whether nystagmus has a role in silicone oil emulsification after pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection for complex retinal detachment. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted of the clinical and operative records of eight eyes with nystagmus that underwent pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection for repair of retinal...

Compared with many induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines generated using retrovirus and other non-integrating methods, the utilization of human protein-induced iPSC (piPSC) lines may provide a safer alternative for the generation of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells for transplantation in retinal degenerative diseases. Here we assess the ability of piPSCs to differentiate into RPE cel...

Organs-on-chips are microphysiological in vitro models of human organs and tissues that rely on culturing cells a well-controlled microenvironment has been engineered to include key physical biochemical parameters. Some systems contain single perfused microfluidic channel or patterned hydrogel, whereas more complex devices typically employ two microchannels separated by porous membrane, simulat...

purpose:  to evaluate the significance of the presence of pigment granules in  the anterior  vitreous as a reliable indicator of retinal breaks in patients with acute symptomatic posterior vitreous detachment  (pvd) . methods: this cross sectional study included 209 phakic patients with acute symptomatic pvd. the patients underwent anterior vitreous examination and fundoscopy. patients with dia...