Background and Objectives: Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy results in less pain than open cholecystectomy, it is not a pain free procedure. A clinical trial was designed to assess pain after LC in terms of types of pain, intensity and factors that may influence it. Methods: A prospective study on pain was performed on all patients undergoing the operation over the period of 1.5 year (n = ...

BACKGROUND Premedication with sedatives can decrease the discomfort associated with invasive anesthetic procedures. Some researchers have shown that acupressure on the acupuncture extra 1 point is effective for sedation. We investigated whether acupressure on the extra 1 point could alleviate the pain of needle insertion. METHODS We investigated the effect of acupressure at the extra 1 point ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to compare intranasal fentanyl (INF) with intravenous morphine (IVM) for prehospital analgesia. METHODS This was a randomized, controlled, open-label trial. Consecutive adult patients (n = 258) requiring analgesia (Verbal Rating Score [VRS] >2/10 noncardiac or >5/10 cardiac) were recruited. Patients received INF 180 mug +/- 2 doses of 60 mug at >...

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection of human fibroblast cells activates a large number of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in a viral envelope-cell membrane fusion-dependent mechanism. In this study, we identified two interferon response elements, the interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) and the gamma interferon-activated site (GAS), which act as HCMV response sites (VRS). Gel mob...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recent animal and human studies have shown an increased frequency of enlarged, high-convexity Virchow-Robin spaces (VRS) in several neurologic diseases, suggesting their role as neuroradiologic markers of inflammatory changes. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of high-convexity dilated VRS in mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS T2-weighted, T1...

The influence of vortex ring state (VRS) on rotorcraft flight dynamics is investigated, specifically the vertical velocity drop of helicopters and the roll-off of tiltrotors encountering VRS. The available wind tunnel and flight test data for rotors in vortex ring state are reviewed. Test data for axial flow, nonaxial flow, two rotors, unsteadiness, and vortex ring state boundaries are describe...

Real time GPS measurements are becoming an essential part of surveying. During the last years several real time methods have been introduced. One of the most sophisticated one, Virtual reference station (VRS) is using GPS network to mitigate errors inherent to GPS positioning. The quality of VRS was studied in such conditions that are typical in Finland and northern latitudes. The study was div...

The purpose of this paper is to develop an output oriented methodology for calculating productivity growth by using Malmquist productivity index (MPI) and two different data envelopment analysis (DEA) views (optimistic and pessimistic) simultaneously, and apply it to five Iranian Commercial Banks over the four time period (2009-2013). Consequently, we have proposed a new approach called the dou...

One of the main important issues in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is to recognize set anchor points which subset extreme efficient production possibility (PPS). An point an located on intersection strong frontier and weak frontier. In other word, each delineate from So, if a decision making unit (DMU) point, then there at least one supporting hyperplane whose gradient vector has some zero com...