Previous research has argued that debt financing affects equityholders’ investment decisions, producing substantial inefficiency. This paper shows that the size of this inefficiency depends on the degree of investment reversibility. In a dynamic model of financing and investment, the paper provides an upper bound for the inefficiency produced by debt financing. The upper bound is decreasing in ...

This paper investigates and clarifies how different definitions of reachability, observability, controllability, reconstructability and minimality that appear in the control literature, may be equivalent or different, depending on the type of linear system. The differences are caused by (1) whether or not the linear system has state dimensions that vary with time (2) bounds on the time axis of ...

We present an overview and analysis of existing work in the design of online testable reversible logic circuits, as well as propose new approaches for the design of such circuits. We explain how previously proposed approaches are unnecessarily high in overhead and in many cases do not provide adequate fault coverage. Proofs of the correctness of our approaches are provided, and discussions of t...

This paper reports classification of CA (cellular automata) rules targeting efficient synthesis of reversible cellular automata. An analytical framework is developed to explore the properties of CA rules for 3-neighborhood 1-dimensional CA. It is found that in two-state 3neighborhood CA, the CA rules fall into 6 groups depending on their potential to form reversible CA. The proposed classificat...

Reversible logic is gaining interest of many researchers due to its low power dissipating characteristic. In this paper we proposed a new approach for designing online testable reversible circuits. The resultant testable reversible circuit can detect any single bit error whiles it is operating. Appropriate theorems and lemmas are presented to clarify the proposed design. The experimental result...

A novel low power and Positive Feedback Adiabatic Logic (PFAL) 5-input OR Gate is presented in this paper. The power consumption and general characteristics of the PFAL 5 input OR gate are then compared against two low power 5-input OR Gate; Efficient Charge Recovery Logic (ECRL), Conventional CMOS 5-input OR Gate. The proposed PFAL 5-input OR Gate design was proven to be superior to the other ...

We present an algorithm for finding all time-reversible systems within a given family of 2-dim systems of ODE’s whose right-hand sides are polynomials. We also study an interconnection of time-reversibility and invariants of a subgroup of SL(2,C).

Reversible logic has two main properties. First, the number of inputs is equal to the number of outputs. Second, it implements a one-to-one mapping; i.e., one can reconstruct the inputs from the outputs. These properties enable its applications in building quantum computing architectures. In this paper we study reverse engineering of reversible logic circuits, including reverse engineering of n...

Reversibility is a concept widely studied in physics as well as in computer science. Reversible computation is characterized by means of invertible properties [1]. Quantum systems evolution is described by the time evolution operator U , which is unitary and invertible; therefore such systems can implement reversibility. Reversible/invertible Cellular Automata (CA) [1] are one of the most relev...

Editorial 134 The future of neurology services in the UK Review 136 The posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: what's certain, what's new? 2010: a 66-year-old man who suddenly couldn't drive