The first application of Semi-Markov Process (SMP) in actuarial field was given by J. Janssen [6]. Many authors successively used these processes and their generalizations In some books it is also shown how it is possible to use these processes in actuarial science, (see Pitacco, Olivieri, [10], CMIR12 [12]).These processes can be generalised introducing a reward structure see for example Howar...

After sketching the basic principles of renewal theory we discuss the classical Poisson process and offer two other processes, namely the renewal process of Mittag-Leffler type and the renewal process of Wright type, so named by us because special functions of Mittag-Leffler and of Wright type appear in the definition of the relevant waiting times. We compare these three processes with each oth...

Emerging evidence suggests that motivation enhances episodic memory formation through interactions between medial-temporal lobe (MTL) structures and dopaminergic midbrain. In addition, recent theories propose that motivation specifically facilitates hippocampal associative binding processes, resulting in more detailed memories that are readily reinstated from partial input. Here, we used high-r...

OBJECTIVE Little is known about the neurobiology of bipolar II disorder. While bipolar I disorder is associated with abnormally elevated activity in response to reward in the ventral striatum, a key component of reward circuitry, no studies have compared reward circuitry function in bipolar I and bipolar II disorders. Furthermore, associations among reward circuitry activity, reward sensitivity...

Abstract
 Objective: Given the array of neuroimaging studies examining neurobiology anorexia nervosa, purpose this paper was to further highlight localized neurobiological abnormalities when reward learning pathways in patients suffering from AN.
 Methods: Literature searches using PsycINFO, EMBASE, and MEDLINE were conducted March 2022 search terms relating AN, learning, neuroimaging...