To better understand the foraging behavior of diving animals it is important to monitor aspects of the animal’s environment, including prey distribution, which may influence their behavior. However, prior to recent technological advancements, monitoring the distribution of prey immediately surrounding a diving animal had been impossible. We attached newly developed Digital Still picture Loggers...

Tidewater glacial fjords in Alaska provide habitat for some of the largest aggregations of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina), with calved ice serving as platforms for birthing and nursing pups, molting, and resting. These fjords have also been popular destinations for tour ships for more than a century, with dramatic increases in vessel traffic since the 1980s. Seals on ice are known to flush into ...

Information regarding analgesics in pinnipeds is limited. This study aimed to establish the pharmacokinetic parameters of a single subcutaneous dose of sustained release buprenorphine (Buprenorphine SR) in juvenile northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) with regard to its potential to provide long-lasting analgesia that requires infrequent dosing. Seals (n=26) were administered a sin...

This communication presents observations of predatory and non-predatory encounters between white sharks and Cape fur seals in a shallow (3–6 m) channel between Geyser Rock and Dyer Island, South Africa. Within the channel Cape fur seals raft extensively for thermoregulatory purposes, to play, or due to terrestrial competition for space. The channel’s physical environment effectively limits a wh...

Marine mammals have lost the ability to express S-cone opsin, and possess only one type of M/L-cone in addition to numerous rods. As they are cone monochromats they should be color blind. However, early behavioral experiments with fur seals and sea lions indicated discrimination ability between many shades of grey and blue or green. On the other hand, most recent training experiments with harbo...

Low, stable friction, a higher load-carrying capacity, and lower leakage of sealed blood are required for mechanical seals in implantable ventricular assist devices. One solution is to apply surface texture to the mechanical seal surface, consisting of self-mated silicon carbide. However, the effect of surface texture on the frictional properties of mechanical seals under blood sealing conditio...

in this article, we study the artin-rees property in  c(x), in the  rings of fractions of  c(x) and in the factor rings of c(x) . we show that c(x)/(f) is an artin-rees ring if and only if  z(f)  is an open p-space. a necessary and sufficient condition for the local rings of  c(x)   to be artin-rees rings is that each prime ideal in  c(x)  becomes minimal and it turns out that every local ring ...

Since 1987, morbillivirus infections have caused serious disease outbreaks with high mortality among aquatic mammals. Baikal seals (Phoca sibirica) in Siberia were involved in an outbreak caused by a virus closely related to canine distemper virus (CDV) in 1987. Harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) and grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) in north-western Europe were struck by a newly recognised morbilliv...

The rings considered in this article are commutative with identity. This article is motivated by the work on comaximal graphs of rings.  In this article, with any ring $R$, we associate an undirected graph denoted by $G(R)$, whose vertex set is the set of all elements of $R$ and distinct vertices $x,y$ are joined by an edge in $G(R)$ if and only if $Rxcap Ry = Rxy$.  In Section 2 of this articl...

In this paper, we introduce a class of $J$-quasipolar rings. Let $R$ be a ring with identity. An element $a$ of a ring $R$ is called {it weakly $J$-quasipolar} if there exists $p^2 = pin comm^2(a)$ such that $a + p$ or $a-p$ are contained in $J(R)$ and the ring $R$ is called {it weakly $J$-quasipolar} if every element of $R$ is weakly $J$-quasipolar. We give many characterizations and investiga...