Abstract. The Himalayas, also known as third pole of the Earth feed some major rivers world viz. Ganga, Indus, Brahmaputra etc. accurate assessment water resources in eastern Himalayas is very important for respective policy makers. detailed and hydrological cycle component are critical attaining United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs) such affordable clean energy, sanitation buildi...

of opportunity was, however, also a period of intense competition. Cotton’s river inter-linking scheme was double edged; it had to draw capital investments for navigation and irrigation schemes while simultaneously starving the same for the railways, which was then being touted as the most viable mode for mass transport in India. Cotton, in effect, wanted river navigation to trump railway lines...

It has been suggested that, unless a major effort is made, the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide may rise above four times the pre-industrial level in a few centuries. Here we use a coupled atmosphere-ocean-land model to explore the response of the global water cycle to such a large increase in carbon dioxide, focusing on river discharge and soil moisture. Our results suggest that wat...

The existence of Nepal's holy river, Bagmati, which flows through the core Kathmandu Valley has been menaced by many anthropogenic threats. It is necessary to identify how vulnerable it been. This research focuses on evaluation disturbance zonation analyze Bagmati River System’s spatial biological health. Benthic macroinvertebrates (BMIs) were used as indicators and sampled from upstream downst...