[1] Lavas from the early episodes of the Pu`u `Ō`ō eruption (1983–1985) of Kı̄lauea Volcano on the island of Hawai^i display rapid compositional variation over short periods for some episodes, especially the well-sampled episode 30 with 2 wt% MgO variation in <4 hours. Little chemical variation is observed within the episode 30 lavas before or after this abrupt change, suggesting a sharp composi...

M. A. BIOT* A non-linear analysisforfinite strain and stress has been developed and applied to symmetrical deformations around cylindrical and spherical cavities in rock. The material non-linearity which is involved may result porn either elastic or plastic properties. A drastic analytical simplification reduces the problem to the solution of a,first order differential equation. Fracture is ana...

Introduction: Dark inclusions (DIs) are lithic fragments that form a volumetrically small, but important, component in carbonaceous chondrites [1,2]. Carbonaceous clasts similar to DIs are also found in some ordinary chondrites and HEDs [3,4]. DIs are of particular interest because they provide a record of nebular and planetary processes distinct from that of their host meteorite [1,5]. DIs may...

Tectonic uplift is one of the key factors controlling the supply of material to weathering environments. At present however, there is debate about whether tectonics or climate plays a larger role in controlling chemical weathering rates on a global scale over geologic time. We measured riverine weathering fluxes from twelve catchments along the Skykomish River in the Washington Cascades, where ...