Hyaluronan (HA) is synthesized in high-molecular-weight form at the apical pole of airway epithelial cells, covering the luminal surface. When human airway epithelial cells grown and redifferentiated at the air-liquid interface (ALI) were exposed to xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO), ciliary beat frequency (CBF) increased. This effect was blocked by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. Inhib...

Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 31831 grew on l-arabinose as the sole carbon source at a specific growth rate that was twice that on d-glucose. The gene cluster responsible for l-arabinose utilization comprised a six-cistron transcriptional unit with a total length of 7.8 kb. Three l-arabinose-catabolizing genes, araA (encoding l-arabinose isomerase), araB (l-ribulokinase), and araD (l-ribulose...

HE L-arabinose gene-enzyme complex, except for the unlinked L-arabinose Tpermease gene, araE, is shown in Figure 1. araB and araA are the structural genes for the L-ribulokinase and L-arabinose isomerase, respectively; while araD is probably the structural gene for ~-ribulose-5-phosphate-4-epimerase ( ENGLESBERG 1961 ; ENGLESBERG et al. 1962; LEE and ENGLESBERG 1962,1963). The ma€ gene is a reg...

RON is a member of the c-MET receptor tyrosine kinase family. Like c-MET, RON is expressed by a variety of epithelial-derived tumors and cancer cell lines and it is thought to play a functional role in tumorigenesis. To date, antagonists of RON activity have not been tested in vivo to validate RON as a potential cancer target. In this report, we used an antibody phage display library to generat...

n vertebrate cells, not all potential DNA replication origins fire in each S phase, but it is unclear what parameters control that decision. Mauro Anglana, Michelle Debatisse (Institut Curie, Paris, France), and colleagues find that nucleotide availability can determine which origins are activated. Under normal conditions (when nucleotides were readily available), initiation occurred predominan...

A stepped split triple-gate SOI LDMOS with P/N strip (P/N SSTG LDMOS) is proposed, which has ultralow specific on-resistance (Ron,sp) and low switching losses. The proposed device a (TG) gates (SSGs). P strip, N-drift oxide trench are alternately arranged in the Z direction. Meanwhile, SSGs located of region distributed steps. Firstly, TG increases channel width (Wch) effect modulating current ...

Abstract Despite the growing prominence and use of Rights Nature (RoN), doubts remain as to their tangible effect on environmental protection efforts. By analyzing two initiatives in post-colonial societies, we argue that they do influence creation institutionalized bridges between differing land-ownership regimes. Applying methodology inter-legality, examine Ecuadorian Constitution 2008 Uganda...

In this paper, we review ICARUS, a cognitive architecture that utilizes hierarchical skills and concepts for reactive execution in physical environments. In addition, we present two extensions to the framework. The first involves the incorporation of means-ends analysis, which lets the system compose known skills to solve novel problems. The second involves the storage of new skills that are ba...