This paper presents a study to evaluate the comparative positioning accuracy of Surface Vehicle (SV) using Dead Reckoning (DR), Geodetic Least-Squares Adjustment (GLSA), Robust (GRA), and External Kalman Filter (EKF) methods. involved simulating results navigational measurements subject errors (including gross errors) used position SV swimming along given trajectory in vicinity three beacons. W...

BACKGROUND Preprogrammed reactions (PPR) appear at a latency of higher than 40 ms, but before the voluntary muscle responds (approximately 120 ms) to postural perturbations. OBJECTIVE To examine the difference in magnitude of preprogrammed reactions in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and without low back pain. METHODS we analyzed electromyographic Root Mean Square (RMS) amplitude...

[Purpose] To examine the effects of speed differences in treadmill walking exercise on Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. [Participants and Methods] The maximum speed, stride length, gait rate, lateral, vertical, anterior-posterior RMS during were compared among 23 patients with PD. [Results] Walking vertical root mean square (RMS) significantly improved after maximal comfortable to before. Lat...

This paper presents the overall design of an industrial vibration transmitter using Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) capacitive accelerometer. It describes the accelerometer sensor interfacing circuit, rms-to-dc converter and voltage to current loop converter circuit design, calibration procedure and mounting methods. The industrial vibration transmitter output can be customized to obtain...

This paper demonstrates a ray-tracing method for modeling indoor propagation channels at 60GHz. A validation of the raytracing model with our in-house measurement is also presented. Based on the validated model, the multipath channel parameter such as root mean square (RMS) delay spread and the fading statistics at millimeter wave frequencies are easily extracted. As such, the proposed ray-trac...

Period Jitter Period jitter (JPER) is the time difference between a measured cycle period and the ideal cycle period. Due to its random nature, this jitter can be measured peak-to-peak or by Root of Mean Square (RMS). We begin by defining the clock rising-edge crossing point at the threshold VTH as TPER(n), where n is the time domain index, as shown in Figure 1. Mathematically, we can describe ...

In most step-down power conversions, where multiple output voltages are required to regulate off a single input source, the switching regulators can impose high input root mean square (RMS) current and noise when delivering point-of-load (POL) power to FPGAs, DSPs and microprocessors. To combat this, designers will typically implement high input filtering (at additional cost) to reduce conducte...

1) The single current dipole moment [strength of the dipole vector in nAm (Q)] 2) The correlation coefficient [the degree of association between the actual measured magnetic field data and the estimated forward solution data (R)] 3) The goodness of fit [the measure of how well the measured magnetic field agrees with the estimated field from an assumed dipole (GoF)] 4) The root mean square (RMS)...

The present paper examines the effects of saturation on the time domain parameters that can be extracted from recordings of speech. The kinds of saturation we are going to discuss in the paper include clipping, zeroing and two’s complement whereas the parameters we will take into considerations include root mean square (RMS, as correlated with loudness), zero crossing rate (ZCR), auto correlati...