INTRODUCTION Preparation techniques and instruments produce and push debris out of canals. This can induce inflammation within the periapical area. Therefore, instrumentation that causes less extrusion of debris is more desirable. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the quantity of debris extruded from the apical foramen during root canal preparation by using one hand, and two ro...

INTRODUCTION Root canal preparation techniques may cause postoperative pain. The aim of the present study was to compare the intensity of postoperative pain after endodontic treatment using hand files, single file rotary (OneShape), and single file reciprocating (Reciproc) systems. METHODS AND MATERIALS In this single-blind, parallel-grouped randomized clinical trial a total of 150 healthy pa...

In 1952–1954 Higuchi and his group have instrumented upper and lower compression, ejection, and punch displacement on an eccentric tablet press, and pioneered the modern study of compaction process. This work was followed by Nelson who was the member of the original group. In 1966, a U.S. patent was granted to Knoechel and coworkers for force measurement on a tablet press. This patent was follo...

BACKGROUND The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the shaping characteristics of two types of nickel-titanium endodontic file systems with regard to the following parameters: Canal straightening, Canal deviation and Instrumentation time. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty severely curved canals simulated in resin blocks were prepared to an apical size 25 using Protaper Universal orNeolix syste...

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Vertical root fractures are catastrophic events that often result in tooth extraction. Many contributing factor are associated with increasing incidence of vertical root fracture. Root canal preparation is one of the predisposing factors which can increase the root susceptibility to vertical fracture. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare the effects of three d...

UNLABELLED Gram-negative bacteria play an essential role in endodontic infections because they have virulence factors such as endotoxin. Due to its potential cytotoxic activity, special attention has been given to the removal/neutralization of this endotoxin in the root canal system. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the apical enlargement size (AES) by using ro...

OBJECTIVE We sought to measure the residual dentin thickness (RDT) in the mesial roots of mandibular molars after instrumentation with Lightspeed and Gates-Glidden rotary instruments. Study design Thirty extracted, untreated human mesial roots of mandibular molars were separated from the distal roots and embedded in clear polyester resin. The roots were cut horizontally at 1, 4, and 7 mm short ...

INTRODUCTION Gutta-percha must be removed from the root canal space during retreatment to ensure a more favorable outcome. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of hand instruments, RaCe and RaCe plus XP-endo finisher instruments in removal of gutta-percha from root canal walls during retreatment. METHODS AND MATERIALS Thirty single-rooted premolars were prepared, obturated, and d...