We recently showed that class I-restricted CD8+ T cells mediate clearance of primary rotavirus infection in mice: JHD knockout (JHD -/-) (B-cell-deficient) mice depleted of CD8+ T cells become chronically infected with murine rotavirus, and beta2 microglobulin knockout (beta2m -/-) mice have delayed but complete clearance of primary rotavirus infection. In the present work we have analyzed the ...

BACKGROUND Rotavirus was the leading cause of childhood diarrhoea-related hospitalisations and death before the introduction of rotavirus vaccines. METHODS We describe the effectiveness of rotavirus vaccines to prevent rotavirus infections and hospitalizations and the main rotavirus strains circulating before and after vaccine introduction through a systematic review and meta-analysis of stud...

Rotavirus vaccines are highly effective at preventing gastroenteritis in young children and are now universally recommended for infants in the US. We studied patterns of use of rotavirus vaccines among US infants with commercial insurance. We identified a large cohort of infants in the MarketScan Research Databases, 2006-2010. The analysis was restricted to infants residing in states without st...

On February 3, 2006, a bovine-based pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RotaTeq, Merck & Co Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ) was licensed by the US Food and Drug Administration for use in infants in the United States. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends routine immunization of infants with 3 doses of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine administered orally at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. The first dose...

Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH). The NIH has patents, pending patent applications, and a license for rhesus and rhesus-human rotavirus reassortant vaccines; patents, pending patent applications, and licenses for human-bovine (UK) rotavirus reassortant vaccines; a patent for cold-adapted human rotavirus vaccines; and a pending patent application for human-porcine rotavir...

Vaccine or vaccine-reassortant rotavirus strains were detected in fecal specimens from 5 of 106 (4.7%) immunocompetent children who required treatment for rotavirus gastroenteritis at a large pediatric hospital in Texas in 2009-2010. Four strains were related to pentavalent rotavirus vaccine, whereas one was related to monovalent rotavirus vaccine. The contribution of these strains to each pati...

We found that female adult mice parenterally inoculated with noninfectious rotavirus (simian strain RRV) developed virus-specific neutralizing antibodies in the serum; newborn mice from these dams were protected against RRV-induced gastroenteritis. In addition, mice parenterally inoculated with noninfectious RRV developed virus-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursors in the spleen. Replicati...

SEVERAL ASPECTS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ROTAVIRUS, a major cause of pediatric diarrhea, suggest that transmission occurs via the respiratory tract, in addition to the fecal-oraI route2 -4 Recent epidemiologic studies have shown that respiratory symptoms frequently precede or concurrently occur with diarrhea caused by rotavirus? -3 Laboratory studies of patients with gastroenteritis have not foun...

Intussusception is one of the most frequent causes of intestinal obstruction in infants. Rotavirus vaccination has been associated with intussusception in the medical literature. We report a case of a 4-month-old female with intussusception requiring hemicolectomy one week following rotavirus vaccination. We review the pathophysiology, presentation, and management of intussusception with a dist...