Computer systems are subject to continuously increasing performance demands. However, energy consumption has become a critical issue, both for high-end large-scale parallel systems [12], as well as for portable devices [34]. In other words, more work needs to be done in less time, preferably with the same or smaller energy budget. Future performance and efficiency goals of computer systems can ...

The role played by human beings in complex computational systems it not exclusively that of an end user; they are often an integral resource in the functioning of the system, and an important factor in its overall performance. However, due to the purely human aspects of human resources that have no analog in computational resources, existing paradigms in dynamic computational resource allocatio...

We review the reasoning underlying two approaches to combination of sensory uncertainties. First approach is noncommittal, making no assumptions about properties of uncertainty or parameters of stimulation, as in Gepshtein, Tyukin, and Albright (2010). Then we explain the relationship between this approach and the one commonly used in modeling “higher level” aspects of sensory systems, such as ...

In IEEE 802.16j based wimax multihop-relay network, in addition to a base station, multiple relay stations are used for enhancing the throughput, and improving the coverage distance of the base station. Multicasting is a more efficient method of supporting group communication than unicasting, as it allows transmission and routing of packets to multiple destinations using fewer network resources...

This chapter summarizes our recent work on the dynamic resource al location problem The question of interest is the performance of simple allocation strategies which can be implemented on line The chapter fo cuses on the least load routing policy The analysis is based on uid limit equations and the theory of large deviations for Markov processes with discontinuous statistics Introduction The dy...

Healthcare resource planners need to develop policies that ensure optimal allocation of scarce healthcare resources. This goal can be achieved by forecasting daily resource requirements for a given admission policy. If resources are limited, admission should be scheduled according to the resource availability. Such resource availability or demand can change with time. We here model patient flow...

In this chapter, we describe the use of economic principles as the basis for Grid resource allocation policies and mechanisms. A computational economy in which users “buy” resources from their owners is an attractive method of controlling Grid resource allocation for several reasons. Economies are intuitively easy to understand, they fit the model of flexible resource usage under local control ...

Distribution and allocation of resources is affected by factors such as values, norms, social stratifications, ideology, information, coercion, political challenges, and even external factors. This finding means that there is always a fundamental tendency to redirect resources toward political goals instead of public interests and development. Because the resource structure is strongly influenc...