OBJECTIVE To explore the reasons why individuals recurrently present with asthma to hospital emergency departments. DESIGN A predominantly qualitative study in which participants were interviewed in-depth about their asthma. Data on medication use, respiratory health and asthma knowledge were also collected, and asthma severity was determined from medical records. SETTING A tertiary teachin...

Rural economic development helps reduce the income inequality in China. Existing studies show positive effects of rural reforms, however, whether credit cooperative’s shareholding reform promotes and are exerted through synergism between agricultural producers financial institutions remain unclear yet. Employing rationale isomorphic incentive compatibility from system science, we analyze necess...

Rural-based insurgencies disrupted the forest margins of Upper West Africa in 1990s. A subsequent return to peace was accompanied by strong growth small-scale trade foodstuffs and other agrarian produce high demand towns. Motor cycle taxis are a feature this increased rural–urban market integration. It mode transport pioneered ex-combatants. Where rural women were once attacked young men withou...

iran is one of the countries facing the most severe farmland fragmentation (ff) in rural areas and farmland consolidation (fc) is generally regarded as being a suitable instrument to solve this problem . a case study in the central area of iran was conducted to explore landholder's attitudes towards issues related to ff and fc. randomized stratified sampling frame was used to select 146 landhol...

despite all attractions of social participation in most parts of the rural development, due to the lack of practical approaches, it has just remained an advertising slogan. one of the necessities of rural development is the execution of plans which enjoy maximum social acceptance. one of these plans is locating and equipping high-order service settlements. using an operative process including e...