Race Ug99 of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, recognized for possessing virulence to Sr31, was first reported in Uganda in 1999 (Pretorius et al., 2000). Based on the North American stem rust nomenclature system of 16 differential lines (Roelfs and Martens, 1988; Roelfs et al., 1993), Ug99 is identified as race TTKS (Wanyera et al., 2006). Isolates with virulence similar to Ug99 were identifie...

Puccinia psidii Winter, which causes both guava rust and eucalypt rust, is an important pathogen on eucalypts and other members of the Myrtaceae family in the Neotropics. If introduced into Australia it could represent a major potential threat to eucalypt plantations as well as native vegetation. Observations of the distribution of eucalypt rust epidemics in the Neotropics were analysed to deve...

Coffee rust is one of the main diseases that affect coffee plantations worldwide [6]. This causes an important economic impact in the coffee production industry in countries where coffee is an important part of the economy. A common method for combating this disease is through the use of copper hydroxide as a fungicide, which can have damaging effects both on the coffee tree and on human health...

Crop simulation model has been becoming the core of agricultural production management and resource optimization management. Displaying crop growth process makes user observe the crop growth and development intuitionisticly. On the basis of understanding and grasping the occurrence condition, popularity season, key impact factors for main wheat diseases of stripe rust, leaf rust, stem rust, hea...

The 5S ribosomal RNA nucleotide sequences of five basidiomycetous fungi, Coleosporium tussilaginis , Gymnosporangium clavariaeforme , Puccinia poarum , Endophyllum sempervivi and Microstroma juglandis were determined. Despite high differentiation in their host spectra the four rust species are highly conserved with respect to their 5S rRna sequences, which fit with the basidiomycete cluster 5 d...

1 SUMMARY The performance and ease of use of a programming language are two major considerations for developers when choosing the appropriate language for a project. This work compares C++ and Rust through the lens of performance and usability in both serial and concurrent contexts, and uses the algorithmic Lovasz Local Lemma as a test-bed. Performance is evaluated quantitatively through run ti...

The use of P. chondrillina, a rust fungus, as a biocontrol agent for skeleton weed (C. juncea) has resulted in stable control of the most prevalent clone of that weed in Australia. However, the two other clones occurring there have remained unaffected due to the extreme specificity of the imported strain of the rust. Recent large scale collections from Eurasia have emphazised the inherent diffi...

Rust fungi are obligate parasites and cannot be routinely cultured to obtain sufficient biomass for DNA extractions. Multiple displacement amplification (MDA) was demonstrated in this study for whole genome amplification from single spores of the rust fungus, Puccinia striiformis. The genomic DNA coverage and fidelity of this method was evaluated by PCR amplification and sequencing of two genet...

Fungicides manufactured to control soybean rust are effective; however, successful control of this disease will mostly depend on proper application methods. Spray coverage and deposition from 9 application equipment/spray nozzles were analyzed. In general, the spray treatments with air assistance were more effective in spraying rust fungicides than the treatments with the conventional boom spra...

A quantitative estimation of the rust fungus in infected wheat leaves was possible following enzymatic hydrolysis of the chitin and colorimetric determination of the N-acetylglucosamine released. The apparently complex cell wall structure of the fungal structures made it necessary, how­ ever, to use an enzyme mixture of chitinase and cellulase in order to make accessible the chitin of the cell ...