various indexes such as rvi, ndvi, savi and osavi have been proposed for vegetation detection using satellite images. these indexes have been obtained based on high reflectance of the vegetation in near infrared band and its high absorption in red band. basic defect of these indexes are using them in various regions without any changes in index structure. in other words, these indexes have not ...

The ability to control cell volume is pivotal for cell function. Cell volume perturbation elicits a wide array of signaling events, leading to protective (e.g., cytoskeletal rearrangement) and adaptive (e.g., altered expression of osmolyte transporters and heat shock proteins) measures and, in most cases, activation of volume regulatory osmolyte transport. After acute swelling, cell volume is r...

INTRODUCTION Hypertonic media causes cells to shrink due to water loss through aquaporin channels. After acute shrinkage, cells either regulate their volume or, alternatively, undergo a number of metabolic changes which ultimately lead to cell death. In many cell types, hypertonic shrinkage is followed by apoptosis. Due to the complex 3D morphology of skeletal muscle and the difficulty in obtai...

Linear spectral mixture analysis (SMA) is commonly used to infer fractional vegetation cover (FVC), especially for pixel dichotomy models. However, several sources of uncertainty including normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) saturation and selection of endmembers inhibit the effectiveness of SMA for the estimation of FVC. In this study, Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (M...

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The transcription factor, tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP), is involved in the adaptive response against hypertonicity. TonEBP regulates the expression of genes that catalyze the accumulation of osmolytes, and its transcriptional activity is increased by hypertonicity. The goal of the present investigation was to investigate whether cell shrinkage or high intracellular ioni...

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The paper studies the effect of RVI biocomposite material belonging to group osteoplastic materials, RV-2 immunomodulator – a synthetic dipeptide inducing an immunocorrective effect, and combinations these drugs on reparative histogenesis bone tissue in femoral fractures rats. It was found that remodeling primary callus into secondary one fracture studied animals diverse nature. This process mo...

Soil moisture content (SMC) is an indispensable basic element for crop growth and development in agricultural production. Obtaining accurate information on SMC real time over large areas has important guiding significance yield estimation production management. In this study, the paper reports retrieval of from RADARSAT-2 polarimetric SAR data. The proposed algorithm includes vegetation correct...