The UN Refugee Agency, the UNHCR, has stated that climate change will disproportionally impact displaced as it becomes more unpredictable, intense, frequent, and dangerous (Gaynor, 2020). UNHCR reported in 2019, weather-related hazards resulted almost 25 million displacements 140 countries. This paper examine effects of ensuing conflict on refugees Sahel Region Africa. first look at from a soci...

Niger—with the world’s fastest growing population, its highest total fertility rate (TFR), a small and diminishing amount of arable land, low annual rainfall, a high level of malnutrition, extremely low levels of education, gross gender inequities and an uncertain future in the face of climate change—is the most extreme example of a catastrophe that is likely to overtake the Sahel. The policies...

In the early 1990s, Sahelian countries embarked on a process to develop markets, limit government market interventions and liberalise trade. The achievements of this process, which was encouraged at the regional level by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the Union économique et monétaire de l'Afrique de l'ouest (UEMOA), have to date been mixed: barriers to trade, both f...

This study evaluated the performance of seven CMIP6 HighResMIP models in simulations drought over two sub-regions West Africa: Guinea coast and Sahel during historical period 1985–2014, terms potential evapotranspiration index (PET), climatic water availability (CWA), standardized precipitation (SPEI) at three time scales (i.e., 1, 3, 12 months). The Climate Research Unit (CRU) TS v4.03 dataset...