Psychosis is a subjective and experiential phenomenon of the mind, influenced by cognitive and socio-cultural patterns of the individual. The neurobiological correlate of this phenomenon is the dysfunction of brain dopaminergic pathways. This article reviews the scientific evidence on the theoretical approaches of the dopaminergic hypothesis of psychosis and its relationship with the reward and...

Abstract According to Greco’s early explanatory salience contextualism, S knows that p if and only ’s cognitive abilities are the salient factor in a causal explanation of why holds true belief rather than false or no at all. Greco abandoned this view because it cannot handle fake barn cases proves impossible analyze knowledge terms quantitative characterization salience. The paper argues core ...

This paper presents a biopsychological theory of drug addiction, the 'Incentive-Sensitization Theory'. The theory addresses three fundamental questions. The first is: why do addicts crave drugs? That is, what is the psychological and neurobiological basis of drug craving? The second is: why does drug craving persist even after long periods of abstinence? The third is whether 'wanting' drugs (dr...