Reduced expression of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA)2 and other genes in the adult cardiac gene program has raised consideration of an impaired responsiveness to thyroid hormone (T3) that develops in the advanced failing heart. Here, we show that human and murine cardiomyopathy hearts have increased expression of friend of GATA (FOG)-2, a cardiac nuclear hormone receptor corepres...

The forebrain overgrowth mutation (fog) was originally described as a spontaneous autosomal recessive mutation mapping to mouse chromosome 10 that produces forebrain defects, facial defects, and spina bifida. Although the fog mutant has been characterized and available to investigators for several years, the underlying mutation causing the pathology has not been known. Because of its phenotypic...

Fog-based VANETs (Vehicular ad hoc networks) is a new paradigm of vehicular ad hoc networks with the advantages of both vehicular cloud and fog computing. Real-time navigation schemes based on fog-based VANETs can promote the scheme performance efficiently. In this paper, we propose a secure and privacy-preserving navigation scheme by using vehicular spatial crowdsourcing based on fog-based VAN...

Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) as an emerging paradigm utilizing cloudlet or fog nodes to extend remote cloud computing to the edge of the network, is foreseen as a key technology towards next generation wireless networks. By offloading computation intensive tasks from resource constrained mobile devices to fog nodes or the remote cloud, the energy of mobile devices can be saved and the computatio...

Some nouns can be counted—we term these countable; other nouns cannot—we term these uncountable. By and large this distinction makes sense in terms of how we humans view the real world. Thus, for example, horses are countable, while flour is obviously not. Such cases are generally not a problem. However, there are entities that are, from a human perspective, on the borderline, which do cause pr...

Heterogeneous fogs are often modeled with several layers of different density or using particle systems. However, layers are limited to vertical variations and using particles can involve long computation time with large outdoor scenes. In this article we present a simple method to render heterogeneous fog in real-time. The extinction function of our fog, related to its density, is first modele...

Deploying IoT applications through the Fog in a QoS-, context-, and cost-aware manner is challenging due to the heterogeneity, scale and dynamicity of Fog infrastructures. To decide how to allocate app functionalities over the continuum from the IoT to the Cloud, app administrators need to find a trade-off among QoS, resource consumption and cost. In this paper, we present a novel cost model fo...

Multiple biological structures have demonstrated fog collection abilities, such as beetle backs with bumps and spider silks with periodic spindle-knots and joints. Many Cactaceae species live in arid environments and are extremely drought-tolerant. Here we report that one of the survival systems of the cactus Opuntia microdasys lies in its efficient fog collection system. This unique system is ...

Th e culprit in London’s killer fog wasn’t the fog itself. It was thousands of tons of tiny particles that clung to the stagnant fog and fi lled residents’ lungs. Th ick soot from the city’s coal-burning home hearths, diesel buses, and factories hung near the ground, trapped by a slow-moving temperature inversion. Black smoke concentrations measured during those fi ve days reached more than  ...

There are a large number of tools that can be utilized to forecast fog. Some of the tools were described in the paper “ Radiation Fog: UPS Airlines Conceptual Models and Forecast Methods” (Baker, et al., 2002). Several modules were also developed in the Distance Learning Aviation Course in 2004 which summarized a list of fog forecasting tools (UCAR, 2001). This paper will demonstrate the use of...