OBJECTIVE The study explores the association between the household environment and the prevalence of anemia among children under the age of 5 years in India. Data and methodology: The study is based on 52,868 children under the age of 5 years, included in India's National Family Health Survey-3. The outcome variable was the prevalence of anemia. To understand the role of environment in determin...

background :traffic and transport is a substantial part of a range of economic, social and environmental factors distinguished to have impact on human health. this paper is a report on a preliminary section of a health impact assessment (hia) on urban traffic and transport initiatives, being conducted in sanandaj, iran. in this preliminary study, the psychometric properties of urban traffic rel...

Viral hepatitis represents an important health problem in the South Mediterranean countries, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco. Emerging natural history and epidemiological information reveal differences in the overall epidemiology, risk factors and modes of transmission of viral hepatitis A, B, C, D, E infections in the South Mediterranean region. The differences in the in incidence a...

The role of health in economic development is tested using three empirical approaches: a direct labour productivity effect, an interactive effect, and an incentive effect. Using proxies for health such as access to sanitation facility, clean water, immunisation, and adult male mortality, higher levels of health are hypothesised to promote higher economic growth as healthier workers are more pro...

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) call for an integrated response, the kind that has defined Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) efforts in the past decade.NTD interventions have the greatest relevance for SDG3, the health goal, where the focus on equity, and its commitment to reaching people in need of health services, wherever they may live and whatever their circumstances, is fundament...

BACKGROUND Environmentally induced, occupational diseases are increasing worldwide, especially in rural agricultural communities. Poverty-associated malnutrition, environmental hazards and pollution, and lack of access to clean water, safe sanitation, and modern healthcare facilities are often associated with these chronic illnesses. METHOD The authors systematically reviewed occupational pub...

This paper argues that there are many challenges to designing and implementing water and sanitation interventions that actually deliver economic benefits to the households in developing countries. Perhaps most critical to successful water and sanitation investments is to discover and implement forms of service and payment mechanisms that will render the improvements worthwhile for those who mus...