OBJECTIVES This study investigated strategies that may increase the yield of drug resistance testing prior to starting antiretroviral therapy (ART), and whether transmitted and polymorphic resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) correlated with virological outcomes. METHODS We carried out retrospective testing of baseline samples from patients entering the SENSE trial of first-line ART in Euro...

BACKGROUND The aim of this analysis was to characterize viral resistance in the Phase III, randomized ODIN trial, which demonstrated non-inferiority of once-daily darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) 800/100 mg to DRV/r 600/100 mg twice daily, each combined with an optimized background regimen in treatment-experienced patients with no DRV resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) at screening. METHODS Vi...

The relationships between testis size, hormone secretion and sperm production were studied during the spring (December) and autumn (May) in rams of two breeds with different breeding seasons and body weights (Corriedale and Australian Merino) maintained on native pastures and under natural photoperiods in Uruguay. Blood samples were collected at 20-min intervals during a 260-360-min period in 1...

Anestrous ewes respond to the introduction of rams with either an ovulation within 2-3 days that may be followed by luteal phases of normal or short length, with delayed ovulations (5-6 days later), or with the luteinization of follicles. The aim of this work was to study the relationship between the growth status of the largest follicle present when rams are introduced and the type of ovarian ...

BACKGROUND A sensitive, phenotypic reverse transcriptase (RT)-based drug susceptibility assay for the detection of etravirine (ETR) resistance in patient isolates was developed and compared with the results from direct sequencing and ultra-deep pyrosequencing (UDPS). METHODS Samples were obtained from 15 patients with antiretroviral therapy (ART) failure and from five non-nucleoside reverse t...

Multiparous Suffolk and Suffolk-cross ewes were randomly allotted to treatments within breed and year to measure effects of ram exposure, during transition from anestrus to breeding activity, on reproductive performance. Treatments were: 1) ewes joined with two mature vasectomized Rambouillet rams for 15 d before breeding (DC), 2) ewes maintained across a net wire fence from two vasectomized ra...

The essence of plastic surgery is to have innovative thinking, capacity to find new methods and to adopt newer technologies to its benefit. The development of medical robotic system to assist surgeons in various surgical specialties is a new advancement and is a growing field of telerobotic research. The Robotic Assisted Microsurgery (RAMS) represents one of the latest innovations of teleroboti...

A ground survey of Transcaspian urial (Ovis orientalis [vignei] arkal) was conducted over a 7-day period in March 2000 on a 113-km portion of the Aktau Buzachinsky Nature Reserve in southwest Kazakhstan. The purpose of the survey was to determine the population status of urial, especially males. A total of 491 urial (183 ewes, 97 rams, 15 lambs, 196 unclassified) were observed. About 70 urial w...

The femurs of male and female sheep (Ovis aries), aged 18 months, bred on pastures fertilized twice annually with sewage sludge (2.25 tonnes dry matter/ha; Treated; T)) or on pastures treated with inorganic fertilizer (Control; C) were studied, using peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) and the three-point bending test. Males were maintained on the respective treatments from conce...

The role of LHRH in modulating intrapituitary LH content as well as the distribution of LH among its isoforms was examined in sheep. Rams (n = 3) and wethers (n = 6) were actively immunized against an LHRH-human serum globulin conjugate. Pituitaries collected from these animals plus pituitaries from corresponding numbers of nonimmunized rams and wethers were extracted with a buffered saline sol...