Background: The Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) disease caused by SARS-COV2 was first discovered in Wuhan, China, December 2019. WHO has set Covid 19 to be a pandemic which resulted an increase death rates worldwide. Covid-19 attacks the respiratory system resembles pneumonia but signs of decrease oxygen saturation. In Indonesia, many people, especially men, practice smoking, where smoking can cau...

Aim: Monitoring of cerebral perfusion during carotid endarterectomy helps to institute early intervention prevent risk ischemia the operation.
 We aimed evaluate if disadvantages high systemic pressure can be avoided by keeping arterial blood below 150mmHg cross-clamping internal artery correlating our findings NIRS values with clinical results
 Material and Method: This was designed ...

Context. Dynamos in the Sun and other bodies tend to produce magnetic fields that possess magnetic helicity of opposite sign at large and small scales, respectively. The build-up of magnetic helicity at small scales provides an important saturation mechanism. Aims. In order to understand the nature of the solar dynamo we need to understand the details of the saturation mechanism in spherical ge...