22 victims of SBS.9 Duhaime et al. also advocated, based on available biomechanical data from subhuman primates, that shaking alone was not enough to cause the SBS findings. Duhaime’s findings were, however, disputed by other studies, and the concept of SBS as a purely shaking based phenomenon remained.10,11 A more serious challenge to the prevailing beliefs about SBS was provided by numerous s...

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser on roughness, surface topography, and bond strength to resin luting cement based chemical micro-abrasion pretreatments different computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing materials. Methods: A polymer-infiltrated-ceramic-network (PICN) material (Vita Enamic, VE), three indirect composite (Cerasmart, CS; Shofu HC, SH; Lava Ultimate, LU), o...

To investigate the effect of recycled engine oil bottoms (REOB) as a compatibilizer on properties styrene–butadiene–styrene-modified bitumen (SBS-PMB), this paper studied preparation method, properties, and micro-mechanism composite modification matrix with SBS REOB. Firstly, multi-factor orthogonal experiment determined optimal scheme REOB/SBS composite-modified (REOB/SBS-PMB). Then, high-temp...

This study measured the immediate and 24 h shear (SBS) and micro-shear bond strengths (MSBS) to dentin of four self-etching adhesives. A resin composite was bonded using each adhesive to the area of 5-mm diameter for SBS test or 0.75-mm diameter for MSBS test of flat bovine dentin. The bond strengths of all adhesives at 10 min were lower than at 24 h for both tests. The mean SBS (MPa, 10 min, 2...

BACKGROUND Based on the frequent application of composite resins as tooth-colored fillings, this method is considered a viable alternative to dental amalgam. However, this method has the low bond strength of the composite to dentin. To solve this issue, various dental adhesive systems with different characteristics have been developed by dentistry experts. AIM To assess the effect of an addit...

The aims of this study were to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS), fracture mode, and wire pull out (WPO) resistance between resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) and conventional orthodontic composite used as a lingual retainer adhesive. Forty lower human incisors were randomly divided into two equal groups. To determine the SBS, either Transbond-LR or Fuji Ortho-LC was applied to th...

Relationships between indoor carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and mucous membrane and lower respiratory sick building syndrome (SBS) symptoms are explored in 41 office buildings from the US EPA BASE study. Elevated indoor CO2 concentrations may indicate inadequate ventilation per occupant and elevated indoor pollutant concentrations, leading to SBS symptoms. Two CO2 metrics were constructed: average...

The output of high power fiber amplifiers is typically limited by stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS). An analysis of SBS with a chirped pump laser indicates that a chirp of 2.5 × 10(15) Hz/s could raise, by an order of magnitude, the SBS threshold of a 20-m fiber. A diode laser with a constant output power and a linear chirp of 5 × 10(15) Hz/s has been previously demonstrated. In a low-power...

The aim was to develop a multiple logistic regression model to identify multi-family houses with an increase of sick building syndrome (SBS). In Stockholm, 609 multi-family buildings with 14,235 dwellings were selected by stratified random sampling. The response rate was 77%. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied, adjusting for ownership of the building, building age and size, age, ...