Scarification of the skin is a possible route of entry for scrapie infectivity in sheep, and for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease agent in humans within the context of occupational exposure to infected brain in the autopsy room or laboratory. The effectiveness of skin scarification routes as portals of entry for infectivity had not previously been tested experimentally but this study has shown that th...

Temperature-induced changes in the decay of the light-induced proton gradient of chloroplast thylakoids isolated from chilling-resistant and chilling-sensitive plants have been examined. In the presence of N-methylphenazonium methosulfate, the thylakoids isolated from chilling-resistant barley (cv. Kanby) and pea (cv. Alaska) and chilling-sensitive mung bean (cv. Berken) plants showed temperatu...

The effects of chilling in the light (4 days at 5 degrees C and 100-200 micromoles of photons per square meter per second) on the distribution of chlorophyll (Chl) protein complexes between appressed and nonappressed thylakoid regions of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) chloroplasts were studied and compared with the changes occurring during in vitro heat treatment (5 minutes at 40 degrees C) of iso...

To elucidate how physiological and biochemical mechanisms of chilling stress are regulated by abscisic acid (ABA) pretreatment, pepper variety (cv. 'P70') seedlings were pretreated with 0.57 mM ABA for 72 h and then subjected to chilling stress at 10°/6°C (day/night). Chilling stress caused severe necrotic lesions on the leaves and increased malondialdehyde and H(2)O(2) levels. Activities of mo...

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) level, ACC synthase activity, and ethylene production in cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) remain low while the fruit are held at a temperature which causes chilling injury (2.5 degrees C) and increase rapidly only upon transfer to warmer temperatures. The increase in ACC synthase activity during the warming period is inhibited by cycloheximide but not c...

Poa genus has a high value for grazing and forage conservation concerning thelivestock. In order to study the impacts of cold temperature and Growing Degree Days(GDD) on seedling morphological trait and phonological development of two speciesinvolving Poa pratensis and Poa trivialis, this research was conducted in laboratory andgreenhouse and outdoor of Research Institute of Forest and Rangelan...

Red fleshed watermelons are an excellent source of the phytochemical lycopene. However, little is known about the stability of lycopene in cut watermelon. In this study, lycopene stability and other quality factors were evaluated in fresh-cut watermelon. Twenty melons each of a seeded (Summer Flavor 800) and a seedless (Sugar Shack) variety were cut into 5 cm cubes and placed in unvented polyst...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of blast freezing and blanching in combination followed by chilling, on the antioxidant activity (ARP), phenols, ascorbic acid and colour of broccoli, carrots and green beans. No significant changes (p > 0.05) in ARP of blanched frozen (BLFR) broccoli, carrot and green beans were observed. In contrast, UBFR (unblanched frozen) treatments...

Gamma radiation effectively controls Listeria monocytogenes in uncooked and in ready-to-eat foods. This study was conducted to determine if gamma radiation could be used to control L. monocytogenes in ground pork. Ground pork was contaminated with L. monocytogenes, kept at refrigeration (4 degrees C), chilling (0 degrees C), and freezing (-18 degrees C) temperatures overnight, exposed to gamma ...