The call for a “focus on content” in ontology research by Nicola Guarino and Mark Musen in their launching statement of the journal Applied Ontology has quite some implications and ramifications. We reflectively discuss ontology engineering as a scientific discipline, and we put this into the wider perspective of debates in other fields, including the methodology of social and natural sciences,...

Students have difficulty understanding and appreciating the value of the scientific method in dealing with issues in psychology. Typically, students see conclusions from a study or two about a complex question. The problem is that the student must accept or reject these conclusions because they come from a particular source, whether teacher or textbook. This is reasoning by the method of author...

this study historically analyzes the scientific output of mathematics to describe its structure, notions and scientific origin using the historiographical method. the research data consisted of scientific outputs of mathematics in isi database, science citation index (sci) and social science citation index (ssci) during 8 years (1990 to 2007). the data collection tool was the search engine and ...

A great deal of scientists and philosophers made the history of humanity heavily indebted, blossoming out during the Islamic Golden Age. Tracing the development of Muslim civilization, we can observe distinct thinking methods which have improved different facets of society. Contributing to the promotion of civilization, mathematics and its various apparatus cannot be neglected. Khwārizmī is the...

Users of information retrieval systems usually have to repeat the tedious process of searching, browsing, and refining queries until they find relevant documents. This is because different users have different information needs, but user queries are often short and, hence, ambiguous. In this paper we study personalized search in digital libraries using user profile. The search results could be ...

1State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China 2Department of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China 3School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, People’s Republic of China 4Faculty of Information and Communication Tech...

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