background: early detection and screening have been successful in reducing mortality in some countries, but not in others. this is most of due to poor management and implementation of inappropriate policies. all of patients with cervical cancer are in developing countries. the effectiveness of screening for cancer of the cervix in these countries is dramatic. it seems that after 50 years pap sm...

background: breast cancer is the most common cancer found in women, and screening is the best way to make an early diagnosis. the aim of this study was to determine the rate of screening mammography and related variables in the mammography center of mousavi hospital, located in zanjan, iran. methods: this was a prospective descriptive study. study sample size was 526 women who were selected by ...

a simple, rapid new technique is described for the electrophoresis of hemo­globin when screening large human populations. the method uses a drop of finger tip's blood dried on a thick filter paper as the specimen. the simplicity of the sampling, tagging, transportation and electrophoresis, provides a reliable procedure for surveys of large population. in our hand 200 specimens were screened dur...

background the mammograms and papanicolaou (pap) test of women aged 25 to 64 years are iran’s national strategy for breast and cervical cancer screening, respectively. widespread primary care services are supplied through a network of primary health centers; nonetheless, little is known about breast and cervical cancer screening-related practices among healthcare workers in hospitals. objective...

PURPOSE Migrant and refugee women are at risk of negative sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes due to low utilisation of SRH services. SRH is shaped by socio-cultural factors which can act as barriers to knowledge and influence access to healthcare. Research is needed to examine constructions and experiences of SRH in non-English-speaking migrant and refugee women, across a range of cu...

Among the ethical issues confronting maternal-child nurses are questions surrounding genetic testing, contraception and sterilization, infertility/assisted reproductive technology, and equality in balancing maternal-fetal needs. This article explores these issues, reviews the literature currently available, and discusses nursing clinical implications for each as well as representative case stud...

This article offers an overview and explanation of some of the main customs and laws in the Jewish religion surrounding the reproductive health care of the Torah-observant woman. By understanding the religious and spiritual needs and preferences of a patient, the midwife is better able to provide optimal, culturally-competent care. Some of the aspects discussed include procreation, menstruation...

background: galactosemia is a congenital metabolic disorder that can damage the health of a newborn. screening is an important step to prevent and treat this condition. due to increasing health care costs and limited financial resources of health systems, the most suitable economic analysis tool should be applied. the aim of this study was to analyze the cost-utility of neonatal screening progr...

It is known from consumer surveys that the interior design of cars greatly influences on consumers’ affection. Most notably, the instrument panel which occupies the driver’s attention while driving would be one of the main components that affect consumer’s affection, but the designer does not often put due importance to this design component. The purpose of this study is to define consumers’ af...