The use of satellites to monitor the color of the ocean requires effective removal of the atmosphere signal. The methods for treating the atmosphere have depended on the high absorption of red and near-infrared (NIR) light by water. In coastal waters, the presence of water-leaving radiances in the NIR introduces two sources of error into the removal of the aerosol. As a result, the atmospheric ...

1 ABSTRACT Over land, the Dense Dark Vegetation is used to derive in a first stage the aerosol path radiance and in a second stage to propose an aerosol product which consists of the aerosol optical thickness at 443 nm. Air quality monitoring of the particles is based on measurements of PM10 and PM2.5 which are respectively the density of particles of diameter lesser than 10 μm, lesser than 2.5...

‘‘Case-1’’ has been a term frequently used to characterize water type since the seventies. However, the distribution of Case-1 waters in global scale has been vague, though open ocean waters are often referred to as Case-1 in the literature. In this study, based on recent bio-optical models for Case-1 waters, an inclusive and quantitative Case-1 criterion for remote sensing applications is deve...

Seasonal and long-term variability of phytoplankton in the Middle Caspian was studied based on remote sensing data sea by SeaWiFS MODIS-Aqua scanners 1998–2021 results field observations 2004–2021. The seasonal chlorophyll “a” (CHL) calculated from satellite using a regional algorithm indicated that autumn winter seasons were main production periods year. In summer, period stagnation observed g...

Observations of internal solitary waves (ISWs or IWs) with ERS SAR and other satellite sensors in the central Bay of Biscay are presented and discussed. The existence of the IWs, and longer wavelength internal tides, as locally large features here, about 140-150 km from the nearest shelf break topography, was predicted and studied with in situ ADCP measurements by New and Pingree (1990a, 1992)....

Energetic meteorological events such as frontal passages and hurricanes often impact coastal regions in the northern Gulf of Mexico that influence geochemical processes in the region. Satellite remote sensing data such as winds from QuikSCAT, suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentrations derived from SeaWiFS and the outputs (sea level and surface ocean currents) of a nested navy coastal oce...

The JGOFS program and NASA ocean-color satellites have provided a wealth of data that can be used to test and validate models of ocean biogeochemistry. A coupled three-dimensional general circulation, biogeochemical, and radiative model of the global oceans was validated using these in situ data sources and satellite data sets. Biogeochemical processes in the model were determined from the infl...

The classification of natural waters is a way to generalize and systematize ocean color science. However, there no consensus on an optimal water template in many contexts. In this study, we conducted unsupervised the PACE (Plankton, Aerosols, Cloud, Ocean Ecosystem) synthetic hyperspectral data set, divided global into 15 classes, then obtained set fuzzy logic optical type schemes (abbreviated ...

Aerosols have severe effects on climate, human health and ecosystems. The impact of aerosols ecosystems can be better understood if the variability optical properties is accurately known. In this paper, we used Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) datasets aerosol depth (AOD) at 550 nm, Angstrom exponent (440/870) (AE) enhanced vegetation index (EVI) over Pakistan. We also anal...