In this paper, a theoretical formula is presented to predict the instantaneous folding force of the first fold creation in a square column under axial loading. Calculations are based on analysis of “Basic Folding Mechanism” introduced by Wierzbicki and Abramowicz. For this purpose, the sum of dissipated energy rate under bending around horizontal and inclined hinge lines and dissipated energy r...

The use of the power and energy functional in the analysis of the electric circuits makes it possible to appreciate the energetic equilibrium state attained in the circuit at a certain moment. This paper is concerned with a demonstration of the principle of minimum dissipated active power for the steady state circuits under nonsinusoidal conditions. It is shown that the equilibrium state is one...

The dissipated electric power in oxide powder compacts, subjected to flash sintering, is several hundreds of W·cm-3. This power is analyzed considering local softening/melting and transient plasma/liquid formation at the particle contacts due to thermal runaway. The sudden increase in compact electric conductivity and dissipated power referred to current percolation through the softening/liquid...

Measurements of the transmission of seismic survey signals in Australian waters are presented. The measured transmission loss showed: high variability of received signal sound exposure level at similar ranges when comparing all surveys (mean of standard deviation across ranges of 3-12 dB); high variability within a seismic survey (mean of standard deviation at any range of 2-4 dB); typical shot...

In the molecular quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) paradigm clocking wires are used to produce an electric field which is perpendicular to the device plane of surface-bound molecules and is sinusoidally modulated in space and time. This clocking field guides the data flow through the molecular QCA array. Power is dissipated in clocking wires due to the non-zero resistance of the conductors. W...

In regions prone to seismic activity, buildings constructed on soft soil pose a significant concern due their inferior performance. This situation often results in considerable structural damage, substantial economic loss, and increased risk human life. To address this problem, study focuses the retrofitting of steel moment-resisting frames using friction metal-yielding dampers, taking into acc...

Lightweight steel framing is a method in housing and construction that have been widely used in lightweight steel construction. In this method, the structure is built by cold formed steel elements. They are cost-effective, light, and easy to assemble. However, the performance of lateral load resisting systems in cold-formed steel structures specially the behavior of cold-formed steel shear wall...

Posttranslational transfer of most precursor proteins into mitochondria is dependent on energization of the mitochondria. Experiments were carried out to determine whether the membrane potential or the intramitochondrial ATP is the immediate energy source. Transfer in vitro of precursors to the ADP/ATP carrier and to ATPase subunit 9 into isolated Neurospora mitochondria was investigated. Under...

The present article seek to investigate the function of elliptical steel damper function in steel frames seismic resisting. The elliptical damper is a kind of earthquake energy dissipater in structure which acts based on the steel yielding feature. Thus, this damper in frame lateral displacement mechanism is expected to have a satisfying hysteretic behavior in terms of energy absorption is on a...