The associations between fertility and outcomes in the family and society have been treated as causal, but this is inaccurate if fertility is a choice coordinated by families with other life-cycle decisions, including labour supply of mothers and children, child human capital, and savings. Estimating how exogenous changes in fertility that are uncorrelated with preferences or constraints affect...

In the discussions of trading, unemployment and income distribution inequality, this question is raised by economists that in economic development of developing and developed countries, which policy is necessary in the first stage. Is trading liberalization the pre-requirement of transfer from a close economy to a relative open economy and is it necessary for the developed economy compared to o...

This paper has investigated a possible relationship between credit market structure and bank development in Iran and selected developing countries, using a panel regression analysis. Accordingly, the bank development index is proxied by the allocated credits to private sector, while a dummy variable has been defined as a proxy for credit market. To estimate the regressions, we have used data of...

The main purpose of this study is to examine whether there a long-term relationship between the economic growth and unemployment. unemployment rate belonging 2005:Q1 - 2019:Q1 period Hungary, Mexico, Poland, Chile Turkey taking place in economically developing country status quarterly data Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP) macroeconomic indicators have been used study. existence these two vari...

Abstract This study aims to explore the mechanism that corroborates political-economy explanation of resource curse in oil rich developing countries. elucidates increasing rents provides higher incentives for leaders remain power, through a deliberate refusal improve taxation capacity, which would, turn, reduce tax burden on its citizens their demand accountability. Using panel data set 25 prod...

This paper aims to analyze tariff protection policies in the agricultural sector of developing countries. The agricultural tariff structure in developing countries is characterized by: i) high average tariffs, ii) the existence of tariff escalation, iii) dispersion of nominal tariffs across tariff lines, and iv) a wide gap between average nominal tariffs and import-weighted average tariffs. Con...

This report has been lightly edited by the International Labour Office and the Asian Development Bank. The responsibility for opinions expressed in this report rests solely with the author, and publication does not constitute an endorsement by the International Labour Office or the Asia Development Bank of the opinions expressed therein.

Purpose: The aim of this study was the role of political actors in the process of brain rotation in the educational system and model presentation. Methodology: In terms of nature and purpose, the present study was in the field of applied research, which was the role of political actors in the process of brain rotation in the educational system and model presentation. In this research, a quanti...

The process of globalization has continued to generate controversy on its impact on groups that are vulnerable to poverty. In this respect, there is evidence that farmers in most developing countries are increasingly vulnerable to poverty due to a number of reasons. One possible reason could be the limited access to the technologies that assist farmers in improving their production and later in...

BACKGROUND Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common childhood disease, with an enormous economic and healthcare-related burden. Guidelines and consensus papers for AOM diagnosis and management were published in many countries. Our objective was to study the differences and similarities between these protocols in developing and developed countries. METHODS The keywords: 'acute otitis media' AND 'c...