The chlorination of singly and multiply charged C60 cations has been investigated with the selected-ion flow tube technique. Observations are reported for the reactions of C60 , C60 21 and C60 z31 with Cl2, CCl4, CDCl3, CH2Cl2 and CH3Cl at room temperature (295 6 2 K) in helium at a total pressure of 0.35 6 0.02 Torr. C60 z1 and C60 21 were observed not to chlorinate, or react in any other way,...

Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection is being increasingly used in drinking water treatment. It is important to understand how its application to different types of water may influence finished water quality, particularly as anthropogenic activity continues to impact the quality of source waters. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of inorganic precursors on the formation of regulat...

During disinfection of drinking water, natural organic matter reacts with chlorine to produce harmful by-products. The identification precursors by-products in is challenging because very complex and poorly known. Therefore, scientists have focused on the fractionation membranes or resins better understand how which fractions react during chlorination. Here, we compared reactivity various For t...

Project management is a practice that has been there for long time. It can be traced to the ancient use in constructing of Egyptian pyramids stand date. However, it only from 1950s project as field started being professionalized with massive by United States Navy war operations. Management found important ensuring projects are completed within right time, budget, scope and have impact stakehold...

The reactions of glutathione (GSH) with polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) quinones having different degrees of chlorination on the quinone ring were examined. EPR spectroscopy and MS revealed 2 types of reactions yielding different products: (i) a nonenzymatic, nucleophilic displacement of chlorine on the quinone ring yielding a glutathiylated conjugated quinone and (ii) Michael addition of GSH to...