Almost every theory of vagueness shares at least one feature: it uses, and in most cases heavily relies on, some kind of normative predicate (or predicates) in its metalanguage. Metalinguistic normative predicates are discussed chiefly by supervaluationists and other defenders of higher-order vagueness. According to this group of theorists, the existence of higher-order vagueness depends on and...

Translation of legal texts requires special attention and great accuracy. In words have connotations consequences, which enable either to protect the interests entities individuals, or, on contrary, violate their rights. Inappropriate translations cause misunderstanding vagueness, is unacceptable in this type texts. The compendium Iran based general law jurisprudential principles. lack bilingua...

Problems of conceptual uncertainty have been dealt with in theories of formal logic. Such theories try to accommodate vagueness in two main ways. One is fuzzy logic that introduces degrees of truth. The other way of accommodating formal logic to vagueness is super valuations and its descendants. This paper studies a more inclusive class of reasoning support than formal logic. In the present app...

Many XML retrieval applications require relevance-oriented ranking of retrieved elements in order to capture the vagueness inherent to the information retrieval process. This relevance-oriented ranking should not only support vagueness at the content level, but also at the structural level. In this paper, we use a probabilistic object-relational framework to model representation and retrieval s...

Sorensen (1985) has argued that ‘vague’ is itself a vague predicate; it is just as sorites-prone as its positive instances. This result has been exploited by Hyde (1994) in an ingenious attempt to establish that vague predicates must necessarily suffer from higher-order vagueness. More precisely, Hyde has argued that the vagueness of ‘vague’ ensures that the “paradigmatic conception”, according...

If we adopt a supervaluational semantics for vagueness, what sort of logic results? As it turns out, the answer depends crucially on how the standard notion of validity as truth preservation is recasted. There are several ways of doing that within a supervaluational framework, the main alternative being between ‘global’ construals (e.g., an argument is valid if and only if it preserves truth-un...