OBJECTIVES To examine patient compliance, significance of rare nonmotile sperm (RNMS) and to determine the timing and number of semen analyses required to confirm sterility. PATIENTS AND METHODS From November 2001 to November 2004, 436 consecutive primary vasectomies were performed by one surgeon. All patients were instructed to submit two initial semen specimens for analysis (2 and 3 months ...

BACKGROUND Semen quality, a predictor of male fertility, has been suggested declining worldwide. Among other life style factors, male coffee/caffeine consumption was hypothesized to influence semen parameters, but also sperm DNA integrity. To summarize available evidence, we performed a systematic review of observational studies on the relation between coffee/caffeine intake and parameters of m...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether semen characteristics can be reduced to 2 semen quality (SQ) scores and whether these new scores can help the clinician in assessing the reproductive outcome. A cross-sectional sample of 250 patients seeking infertility treatment were analyzed for semen characteristics. In addition, 177 male-factor patients (prostatitis with infection, n = 40; ...

BACKGROUND Human pathogens that can cause infertility may also affect sperm count and quality. Viral infections can be considered as direct and/or indirect cause of male factor infertility. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to investigate the prevalence of herpes simplex virus in the semen of infertile men attending the Avicenna Infertility Clinic, and to compare it with the herpes virus serology result...

OBJECTIVES Antiretroviral therapy (ART) decreases HIV-1 RNA levels in semen and reduces sexual transmission from HIV-1-infected men. Our objective was to study the time course and magnitude of seminal HIV-1 RNA decay after initiation of efavirenz-based ART among 13 antiretroviral-naïve Kenyan men. METHODS HIV-1 RNA was quantified (lower limit of detection, 120 copies/mL) in blood and semen at...

The location of semen on skin is very important in the clinical examination of sexual assault victims. Recent literature has questioned the effectiveness of Ultra Violet (UV) light to not only detect semen evidence but to distinguish such evidence from other material. This paper explores the effective use of visible fluorescence as an alternative to the UV fluorescence in locating semen on live...

The objective of this experiment was to test a hypothesis that L-carnitine supplemented diet would improve semen characteristics in 6 adult crossbred AI boars (Hampshire × Pietrain). The control and the tested diet were identical except the tested period (8 weeks) when the diet was supplemented with 2 g of l-carnitine per boar per day. The semen was collected regularly weekly by a gloved-hand t...

The present work describes experiments undertaken to evaluate the usefulness of selected physicochemical indices of semen, cell membrane integrity and sperm chromatin structure for the assessment of boar semen sensitivity to processes connected with pre-insemination procedures. The experiments were carried out on 30 boars: including 15 regarded as providers of sensitive semen and 15 regarded as...

A series of sequential experiments were carried out to determine optimum diluents, cryoprotectants, equilibration time, and thawing temperature for frozen duck semen in order to set up the commercial semen cryopreservating techniques which could be applied to the conservation of genetic resources, breeding, and commercial production in domestic ducks. In experiment 1, the seven semen extenders ...

Gender selection is important in livestock industries; for example, female calves are required in the dairy industry. Sex-sorted semen is commonly used for the production of calves of the desired gender. However, assessment of the sex ratio of the sorted semen is tedious and expensive. In this study, a rapid, cost effective and reliable method for determining the sex ratio was developed using a...