Neurogenic switching is proposed as a hypothesis for a mechanism by which a stimulus at one site can lead to inflammation at a distant site. Neurogenic inflammation occurs when substance P and other neuropeptides released from sensory neurons produce an inflammatory response, whereas immunogenic inflammation results from the binding of antigen to antibody or leukocyte receptors. There is a cros...

The sensory hair-cells of the acoustico-lateralis system of sense organs have been shown, in the majority of cases, to receive efferent innervation. Studies on the ultrastructure of the sensory epithelium in the inner ear (Wersall, 1956; Engstrom, 1958) gave the first clear demonstration of vesiculated nerve terminals in synaptic contact with the membranes of hair-cells. From their similarity w...

Peripheral nerve crush initiates a robust increase in transmission strength at spinal synapses made by axotomized group IA primary sensory neurons. To study the injury signal that initiates synaptic enhancement in vivo, we designed experiments to manipulate the enlargement of EPSPs produced in spinal motoneurons (MNs) by IA afferents 3 d after nerve crush in anesthetized adult rats. If nerve cr...

Small continuous sensory and mechanical perturbations are often used to identify properties of the closed-loop neural control of posture and other systems that are approximately linear time invariant. Here we extend this approach to study the neural control of rhythmic behaviors such as walking. Our method is based on the theory of linear time periodic systems, with modifications to account for...

objectives: all individuals need to have the ability of appropriate sensory processing for proper functioning in the environment and participation in daily activities. moreover, behavioral functions can be affected by sensory processing problems. this study aimed to determine the relationship between behavioral problems and sensory processing in 7 to 10 years old children with attention deficit...

This paper presents the Impulse adaptable memory system, which allows applications to make efficient use of cache space and bus bandwidth. Impulse has a configurable memory controller that allows applications to remap data in the memory system. As a result, applications can control how their data is accessed, organized, and cached. We describe the current design of the Impulse architecture, des...

Manuscript received September 21, 1998. Manuscript revised January 6, 1999. † The authors are with Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino-shi, 275-0016 Japan. †† The author is with Kogakuin University, Hachiouji-shi, 1920015 Japan. SUMMARY This paper proposes a method of improving the accuracy of the attenuation constant estimate obtained by using the crossspectral technique. In the cross-spe...

In this paper we proposed an efficient mechanism for removal of impulse noise from the digital images. The proposed filter is Segment based Constructive median (SCM), is integration of a cascaded easy to implement impulse detector and a detail preserving noise filter. In the first phase ,the impulse detector classifies any possible impulsive noise pixels. In the second phase filtering replaces ...

Impulse noise is caused by errors in the data transmission generated in noisy sensors or communication channels, or by errors during the data capture from digital cameras. Noise is usually quantified by the percentage of pixels which are corrupted. Corrupted pixels are either set to the maximum value or have single bits flipped over. In some cases, single pixels are set alternatively to zero or...

In many applications, ultra-wide band (UWB) system experiences impulse noise due to surrounding physical noise sources. Therefore, a conventional receiver (correlator or matched filter) designed for additive Gaussian noise system is not optimum for an impulse noise affected communication channel. In this paper, we propose a new robust receiver design that utilizes the received UWB signal cluste...