O’Doherty, Robert M., Paul R. Anderson, Allan Z. Zhao, Karin E. Bornfeldt, and Christopher B. Newgard. Sparing effect of leptin on liver glycogen stores in rats during the fed-to-fasted transition. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Endocrinol. Metab. 40): E544–E550, 1999.—The effect of moderate hyperleptinemia (,20 ng/ml) on liver and skeletal muscle glycogen metabolism was examined in Wistar rats. Animals ...

Napadow, Vitaly J., Qun Chen, Van J. Wedeen, and Richard J. Gilbert. Biomechanical basis for lingual muscular deformation during swallowing. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 40): G695–G701, 1999.—Our goal was to quantify intramural mechanics in the tongue through an assessment of local strain during the physiological phases of swallowing. Subjects were imaged with an ultrafast ...

Parthimos, D., D. H. Edwards, and T. M. Griffith. Minimal model of arterial chaos generated by coupled intracellular and membrane Ca21 oscillators. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 46): H1119–H1144, 1999.—We have developed a mathematical model of arterial vasomotion in which irregular rhythmic activity is generated by the nonlinear interaction of intracellular and membrane oscillators ...

Schwartz, Lisa M., Thomas R. Bukowski, James H. Revkin, and James B. Bassingthwaighte. Cardiac endothelial transport and metabolism of adenosine and inosine. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 46): H1241–H1251, 1999.—The influence of transmembrane flux limitations on cellular metabolism of purine nucleosides was assessed in whole organ studies. Transcapillary transport of the purine nucl...

Dong, Sheng-Jing, Paul S. Hees, Wen-Mei Huang, Sam A. Buffer, Jr., James L. Weiss, and Edward P. Shapiro. Independent effects of preload, afterload, and contractility on left ventricular torsion. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 46): H1053–H1060, 1999.—Shortening of oblique left ventricular (LV) fibers results in torsion. A unique relationship between volume and torsion is therefore ex...

Speth, Robert C., William T. Barry, M. Susan Smith, and Kevin L. Grove. A comparison of brain angiotensin II receptors during lactation and diestrus of the estrous cycle in the rat. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 46): R904–R909, 1999.—During lactation there are many dramatic alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) axis, as well as an increased demand for food ...

Alexander, Andrew N., and Hannah V. Carey. Oral IGF-I enhances nutrient and electrolyte absorption in neonatal piglet intestine. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 40): G619–G625, 1999.—The effect of orally administered insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on small intestinal structure and function was studied in 5-day-old colostrumdeprived piglets. Human recombinant IGF-I (3.5 m...

Yang, Hong, Keishi Kawakubo, and Yvette Taché. Intracisternal PYY increases gastric mucosal resistance: role of cholinergic, CGRP, and NO pathways. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 40): G555–G562, 1999.—The influence of intracisternal injection of peptide YY (PYY) on gastric lesions induced by ethanol was studied in urethananesthetized rats. Gastric lesions covered 15–22% of th...

As part of pandemic preparedness planning, the European Commission (EC) and the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) introduced a procedure to allow the submission and evaluation of core pandemic dossiers (for ‘mock-up’ vaccines) during the inter-pandemic period leading to marketing authorisations which could only be used during an officially declared pandemic (World Health Organization [WHO] Phase...