PURPOSE To determine whether adolescents' normative beliefs about abstinence and condoms, their personal risk perception, and safer sex practices changed after the implementation of a peer sexual health education intervention implemented in Zambian secondary schools. METHODS The peer intervention was implemented during the first week of September 2000 in Lusaka, Zambia. A quasi-experimental, ...

Introduction: People with serious mental illness (SMI) use cannabis more than any other illicit drug. Cannabis use is associated with increased psychotic symptoms and is highly comorbid with alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Despite the national trend toward decriminalization, little is known about the prevalence, correlates, and impact of cannabis use on those with SMI receiving treatment for subs...

CONTEXT An understanding of the association between adolescents' sexual and reproductive health knowledge and their use of relevant services is needed to improve young people's sexual and reproductive health. METHODS Data from the National Survey of Family Growth were used to examine associations between sexual and reproductive health communication (parental and formal) and service use among ...

Background: This study prospectively examined the association between adverse experiences (physical abuse, sexual abuse and parental substance use problems [SUPs]), not being employed, in education or training (NEET) need of acute psychiatric help among patients receiving treatment for disorders. Methods: A total 580 adolescents early adults aged 15–25 years enrolled drug disorders were include...

Objective. Compare developmental outcomes in infants treated with morphine versus methadone. Method. Retrospective chart review of newborns identified through use of ICD-9 code for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Thirty-six infants were evaluated-17 treated with methadone and 19 treated with morphine. Assessment was completed following treatment using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the evolution of drug use among treated crack cocaine users. METHODS A cohort originally comprising 131 crack addicts admitted to a detoxification unit in the city of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, between 1992 and 1994 were followed up on three occasions: 1995-96, 1998-99, and 2005-06. Variables investigated included demographical data, risky sexual behaviors, intake pa...

BACKGROUND Female participants in AIDS candidate vaccine clinical trials must agree to use effective contraception to be enrolled into the studies, and for a specified period after vaccination, since the candidate vaccines' effects on the embryo or foetus are unknown. OBJECTIVES To review data on female participants' pregnancy rates from phase I and IIA AIDS vaccine clinical trials conducted ...

Interview data were collected from 1749 men and 1976 women of mean age 36.0-39.7 years in Ado-Ekiti, Ondo State; Ibadan, Oyo State; Badagry, Lagos State; Ekiti West and Ekiti Southeast, Ondo State; and Egbeda Local Government Area, Oyo State. It is generally believed that men have a greater need for sex than do women, and that men should have unlimited sexual freedom while women are expected t...

Communication about sexual health between parents and adolescents has been shown to have a protective influence on behaviours that reduce the risk of HIV transmission. This study explored experiences of HIV and sexual health (HSH) communication between parents and/or caregivers and adolescents in an urban HIV-endemic community in Southern Africa. Adolescents (aged 14-19 years) were recruited fr...

Background: Adolescents’ sexual health is vital to overall and well-being achieve sustainable development goals. Yet, research on the strategies used by Malaysian school teams regarding their experiences of providing information adolescents sparse. Objective: This study was conducted explore in Malaysia who provide unmarried with either during visits or at clinics, a particular interest they us...