Oyster shells have received attention for use as a calcium resource. For this study, calcium phosphate was prepared from phosphoric acid and oyster shells. The influences of the concentration of phosphoric acid and pH in the preparation conditions were studied from the yields of calcium phosphate and unreacted carbonate, and the Ca/P ratios in precipitates. The yield of calcium phosphate and ca...

The composition and structure of inorganic shells grown over CdSe semiconductor nanocrystal dots and rods were optimized to yield enhanced photoluminescence properties after ligand exchange followed by coating with phytochelatin-related peptides. We show that, in addition to the peptides imparting superior colloidal properties and providing biofunctionality in a single-step reaction, the improv...

in the egg shells when the eggs were studied in UV-light (Fig. 1). Control eggs did not fluoresce. The concentration of oxytetracycline in the egg shell, albumen, and yolk was measured by UV-absorption spectrofluorometry (Hayes and DuBuy, 1964). Oxytetracycline was deposited mainly in the shell (0.182 ± 0.028 iig./gm., mean ± SD), and albumen (0.190 ± 0.030 !*g./gm.) whereas the yolk contained ...

Liquid anhydrous sulfuric acid forms molecular "shells" wrapped around single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Temperature-dependent X-ray scattering from aligned acid-swollen fibers shows that crystallization of the bulklike acid surrounding the structured shells is templated by the aligned SWNTs, while the structured shells remain partly ordered, at least for temperatures from 100 to 500 K. T...

The spherically symmetric singular perfect fluid shells are considered when their radii are equal to the event horizon (the black shells). We study their observable masses, depending at least on the three parameters, viz. the square speed of sound in the shell, instantaneous radial velocity of the shell at a moment when it reaches the horizon, and integration constant related to surface mass de...

In this paper we present methods to generate and animate shells with a pre-defined thickness. Given a polygonal surface mesh, a thick shell is constructed by computing a second, extruded polygonal surface. We introduce methods to simulate deformation and fracture of thick shells in realtime. Mass-spring models are used in this context. A novel simulation framework to generate, animate and inter...

In this paper we create a self similar analogous image of spiral structure of elementary particles with that of sea shells, using the mathematical description of pigmentation pattern of sea shells, which describes the various potentials of the spiral structure of elementary particles. It also introduces the sea shells analogous parameters for spiral structure of elementary particles for quantis...

Proton solvation and proton mobility are both subjects of great interest in chemistry and biology. Here we have studied the hydration shells of H3O+ at temperatures ranging from 260 to 340 K using the multistate empirical valence-bond methodology (MS-EVB2). We have calculated the radial distribution functions for the protonium and its solvation shells. Furthermore, we have determined the Gibbs ...

Thermal fluctuations strongly modify the large length-scale elastic behavior of cross-linked membranes, giving rise to scale-dependent elastic moduli. Whereas thermal effects in flat membranes are well understood, many natural and artificial microstructures are modeled as thin elastic shells. Shells are distinguished from flat membranes by their nonzero curvature, which provides a size-dependen...

The recently identified Circinus Galaxy is the nearest (∼ 4 Mpc) Seyfert 2 galaxy known and we now demonstrate to be one of the best laboratories for studying the effects of nuclear activity3 on the surrounding environment. Here we present new imaging Fabry-Perot observations of Circinus which confirm the existence of an ionization cone in this object but also show for the first time a complex ...