Experiments of nature and clinical observations have provided indications that postponing puberty may increase final height in short children. In children with central precocious puberty, a GnRH analog (GnRHa) alone is efficacious in increasing final height, but in other conditions a combination of growth hormone (GH) and GnRHa is needed. In GH-deficient children with early onset of puberty and...

Turner syndrome (TS) affects 1:2500 live females. It is caused by partial or complete absence of a sex chromosome. Patients with deletions of the distal segment of the short arm of X chromosome (Xp-) including haploinsufficiency of the SHOX (short stature homeobox) have, more often, short stature, skeletal abnormalities and hearing impairments. This article evaluates the current knowledge of th...

Case presentation A 5-year-9month old Chinese girl presented with severe growth retardation, height SDS -4.17 and body weight SDS -2.37. The mid-parental height was 151.2cm (3-10 centile). She was born small for gestational age with no catch-up growth. Congenital anomalies including right dysplastic kidney and large secundum atrial septal defect were present. She had delayed development with mi...