background: because nerve stimulators are not always available for brachial plexus block, fmding the right injection spot for nerve blocks is important. in this study we used physical examination to determine the appropriate spot for injection. methods: all patients who were candidates for upper extremity surgery and were either in class asa i or asa ii, were selected. paresthesia was elicited ...

A 31-year-old construction worker had been suffering from both the motion pain and the restriction of elevation in his right shoulder due to severe varus deformity of humeral neck, which occurred after proximal humeral fracture. The angle for shoulder flexion and abduction was restricted to 50 and 80 degrees, respectively. Valgus closing-wedge osteotomy followed by the internal fixation using a...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of hyperlipidemia on the treatment of supraspinatus tendinopathy, with or without tear. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients with shoulder pain and patients with supraspinatus tendinopathy, with or without tear, were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were prior shoulder surgery, prior steroid injection, neurological diseases t...