Small (<30 g) juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) possess retinal photoreceptor mechanisms sensitive to light in the near ultraviolet, short (blue), middle (green) and long (red) wavelengths. During normal development, the ultraviolet cone mechanism gradually disappears until, by approximately 60&shy;80 g, individuals are no longer sensitive in the ultraviolet. This shift in spectral s...

Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental characterized by impairment in social interaction and communication, whose etiology heterogeneous, including genetic, epigenetic, environmental factors. It associated with restricted interests stereotyped behaviors high prevalence rates general population, neurobiological bases heritability. Objectives The aim of our study to i...

Every Polish group is not free whereas some Fσ group may be free. Also every automorphism group of a structure of cardinality, e.g. iω is not free. This research was partially supported by the Israel Science Foundation. Publication 771 I would like to thank Alice Leonhardt for the beautiful typing. Latest Revision 2012/May/25 Typeset by AMS-TEX 1

STUDY OBJECTIVES Two commentaries recently published in SLEEP came to very different conclusions regarding how data from a mouse model of sleep-dependent neural plasticity (orientation-specific response potentiation; OSRP) fit with the synaptic homeostasis hypothesis (SHY). To assess whether SHY offers an explanatory mechanism for OSRP, we present new data on how cortical neuron firing rates ar...

Relations between adult anxiety and mood disorders and retrospective reports of excessive childhood shyness were investigated in the US National Comorbidity, Survey (n=5877). Results indicated that 26% of women and 19% of men described themselves as 'very shy' when they were growing up. Of these shy individuals, 53% of women and 40% of men met criteria for a lifetime diagnosis of one or more an...

We have developed an experimental procedure in which the in situ locomotor muscles of dead fishes can be electrically stimulated to generate swimming motions. This procedure gives the experimenter control of muscle activation and the mechanical properties of the body. Using pumpkinseed sunfish, Lepomis gibbosus, we investigated the mechanics of undulatory swimming by comparing the swimming kine...

SUMMARY Shy, Drager syndrome is multi system degeneration of the central nervous system along with pandysautonomia. It begins after age 50 and affects men twice as women. The cardinal manifestation are due to basal ganglia and orthostatic hypotension. In spite of extrapyramidal involvement the response is poor to conventional anti-Parkinsonian medications and if this is the case in a middle ag...