Marine ecosystems are changing rapidly due to ocean warming, overfishing and a raft of other anthropogenic impacts. Such changes expected disrupt productivity dynamics alter marine food webs, with likely negative consequences for ecosystem services. It is, therefore, essential devise implement methods that can inexpensively monitor in the web structure. Unfortunately, conventional surveying web...

Oligotrophic tropical coral reefs are built on efficient internal energy and nutrient cycling, facilitated by tight trophic interactions. In the competition for available prey, some small fishes have evolved to feed apparently barren sand patches that connect hard-substratum in many reef habitats. One strategy obtaining prey from a particulate matrix is sift out items sediment (often called ‘wi...

My heart tells me to do whatever I can to stop the horrific execution of persons with mental retardation in the United States. This urge comes, however, after watching law professor James Ellis spend better than 14 years of his life—giving great energy, enthusiasm, and intellect to this oft-ignored situation. Anything said here comes from sifting through the soil that Ellis plowed. My heart als...

Minimizing the Average Path Length (APL) in a BDD reduces the time needed to evaluate Boolean functions represented by BDDs. This paper describes an efficient heuristic APL minimization procedure based on BDD variable reordering. The reordering algorithm is similar to classical variable sifting with the cost function equal to the APL rather than the number of BDD nodes. The main contribution of...