The switch of RNA polymerase specificity from early to late promoters of bacteriophage T4 is achieved by substitution of host sigma factor, sigma 70, with the T4 induced factor, sigma gp55. However, overproduction of sigma gp55 from an expression vector is not detrimental to Escherichia coli growth. Direct competition binding assays demonstrate that sigma 70 readily displaces sigma gp55 from RN...

The value of the electrocardiogram in assessing infarct size was studied using serial estimates of the MB isomer of creatine kinase (CK MB) in plasma, serial 35 lead praecordial maps in 28 patients with anterior myocardial infarction, and serial 12 lead electrocardiograms in 17 patients with inferior myocardial infarction. In patients with anterior infarcts, sigma ST, sigma R, sigma Q, sigma R/...

Bacillus subtilis harbors seven extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors. At least three ECF sigma factors (sigma(M), sigma(W), and sigma(X)) are induced by, and provide resistance to, antibiotics and other agents eliciting cell envelope stress. Here, we report that ECF sigma factors also contribute to antibiotic production. B. subtilis 168 strains that are lysogenic for the SPbeta bacteri...

We used limited trypsin digestion to determine the domain organization of the Escherichia coli RNA polymerase sigma 70 subunit. Trypsin-resistant fragments containing sigma 70 conserved region 2 (sigma 70(2)), and carboxy-terminal fragments containing conserved regions 3 and 4 (sigma 70(3-4)) were identified by a combination of amino acid sequencing and mass spectrometry. The domains were studi...

The Bacillus subtilis rpoD gene has been sequenced and the primary structure of its product deduced. The molecular weight calculated for the sigma 43 is 42,828. The DNA and protein sequences of sigma 43 exhibit extensive homology to the Escherichia coli rpoD gene and its sigma 70 product, especially in the C-terminal two-thirds of the sequence. Other proteins exhibiting partial homology with si...

we investigate the stability of generalizedderivations on banach algebras with a bounded central approximateidentity. we show that every approximate generalized derivation inthe sense of rassias, is an exact generalized derivation. also thestability problem of generalized derivations on the faithful banachalgebras is investigated.

Upon environmental changes, bacteria reschedule gene expression by directing alternative sigma factors to core RNA polymerase (RNAP). This sigma factor switch is achieved by regulating relative amounts of alternative sigmas and by decreasing the competitiveness of the dominant housekeeping sigma(70). Here we report that during stationary phase, the unorthodox Crl regulator supports a specific s...

The sigma-receptor, a broadly distributed integral membrane protein with a novel structure, is known to modulate various voltage-gated K(+) and Ca(2+) channels through a mechanism that involves neither G proteins nor phosphorylation. The present study investigated the modulation of the heart voltage-gated Na(+) channel (Na(v)1.5) by sigma-receptors. The sigma(1)-receptor ligands [SKF-10047 and ...

 In Proposition 2.6 in (G‎. ‎Gruenhage‎, ‎A‎. ‎Lutzer‎, ‎Baire and Volterra spaces‎, ‎textit{Proc‎. ‎Amer‎. ‎Math‎. ‎Soc.} {128} (2000)‎, ‎no‎. ‎10‎, ‎3115--3124) a condition that‎ ‎every point of $D$ is $G_delta$ in $X$ was overlooked‎. ‎So we‎ ‎proved some conditions by which a Baire space is equivalent to a‎ ‎Volterra space‎. ‎In this note we show that if $X$ is a‎ ‎monotonically normal $T_1...

Let $mathfrak{A}$ be an algebra. A linear mapping $delta:mathfrak{A}tomathfrak{A}$ is called a textit{derivation} if $delta(ab)=delta(a)b+adelta(b)$ for each $a,binmathfrak{A}$. Given two derivations $delta$ and $delta'$ on a $C^*$-algebra $mathfrak A$, we prove that there exists a derivation $Delta$ on $mathfrak A$ such that $deltadelta'=Delta^2$ if and only if either $delta'=0$ or $delta=sdel...