Following the pioneering Okubo scrutiny of gauge simple groups for the quantum chromodynamics we show the constraints coming from the wondrous predictive leptoquark-bilepton flavordynamics connecting the number of color charges to solution of the flavor question and to an electric charge quantization unconstrained from the Dirac, Majorana or Dirac–Majorana character of massive neutrino. PACS nu...

We provide three analytical fits to the CIE x̄, ȳ, and z̄ color matching curves commonly used in predictive and spectral renderers as an intermediate between light spectra and RGB colors. Any of these fits can replace the standard tabulated CIE curves. Using tabulated curves can introduce typos, encourage crude simplifying approximations, or add opportunities to download curves from sources featu...

A statistical learning/inference framework for color demosaicing is presented. We start with simplistic assumptions about color constancy, and recast color demosaicing as a blind linear inverse problem: color parameterizes the unknown kernel, while brightness takes on the role of a latent variable. An expectationmaximization algorithm naturally suggests itself for the estimation of them both. T...

This paper presents a cost-effective private-key cryptosystem for color images. The scheme allows for secret sharing of the color image by generating two color shares with dimensions identical to those of the original. Encryption is performed via simple binary operations realized at the image bit-levels altering both the spectral correlation among the RGB color components and the spatial correl...

This paper uses the image entropy directly on the color image to express the integral color image information and color spatial distribution of the neighborhood, then the image is divided into blocks, for each block we use the Pelaez Aggregation to determine the seed, after that we use the regional expansion method for color image blocks to extract the color characteristic of color image. The c...

Clay-based nanocomposites have been studied for several decades, mainly focusing on clay-polymer nanocomposites. Here, we report on a simple wet chemical method to synthesize clay-APTES-Au (CAAu) nanocomposites, where 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) acts as the linkage. The silane terminal of APTES formed bonds with the clay surface, while the other -NH(2) terminal bonds to gold nanopartic...

In this paper we propose a simple and efficient eye detection method for face detection tasks in color images. The algorithm first detects face regions in the image using a skin color model in the normalized RGB color space. Then, eye candidates are extracted within these face regions. Finally, using the anthropological characteristics of human eyes, the pairs of eye regions are selected. The p...

A simpler proof of the four color theorem is presented. The proof was reached using a series of equivalent theorems. First the maximum number of edges of a planar graph is obatined as well as the minimum number of edges for a complete graph. Then it is shown that for the theorem to be false there must exist a complete planar graph of h edges such that h > 4. Finally the theorem is proved to be ...

A simple calibration procedure for color CRT displays is described. It provides a convenient means of producing colors specified in terms of their chromaticity coordinates and luminance, as well as the inverse procedure — determining the chromaticity and luminance of displayed colors to a reasonable degree of accuracy without direct measurement. It is intended for those with access to a spectro...

The great diffusion of digital cameras and the widespread use of the internet have produced a mass of digital images depicting a huge variety of subjects, generally acquired by unknown imaging systems under unknown lighting conditions. This makes color balancing, recovery of the color characteristics of the original scene, increasingly difficult. In this paper we describe a method for detecting...