A computer code ICARUS (Injuries CAused by Radiation Upon the Skin) has been developed for evaluating the time to second degree burn injury from thermal radiation. This paper introduces the modelling methodology incorporated in ICARUS and illustrates the validation of the code. It solves the heat transfer problem associated with simultaneous radiation, conduction and convection within a multila...

Synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data are used to determine the core electron deformation of diamond. Core shell contraction inherently linked to covalent bond formation is observed in close correspondence with theoretical predictions. Accordingly, a precise and physically sound reconstruction of the electron density in diamond necessitates the use of an extended multipolar model, which aba...

A new transient Raman thermal probing technique, frequency-resolved Raman (FR-Raman), is developed for probing the transient thermal response of materials and measuring their thermal diffusivity. The FR-Raman uses an amplitude-modulated square-wave laser for simultaneous material heating and Raman excitation. The evolution profile of Raman properties: intensity, Raman wavenumber, and emission, ...

Recent research has demonstrated distinct advantages of using thermal infrared imaging for improving face recognition performance. While conventional video cameras sense reflected light, thermal infrared cameras primarily measure emitted radiation from objects such as faces. Visible and thermal infrared image data collections of frontal faces have been on-going at NIST for over two years, produ...

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Article history: Received 23 May 2015 Accepted 16 June 2015 Available online xxxx Weperformed thermal and constant voltage stress on oligothiophene-based p-type organic thin-film-transistors. The devices subjected to thermal stress without bias showed limited variations. The bias stress performed at 20 °C inducedmonotonic charge trapping, andmobility degradation. The devices subjected to simult...

in this paper, wavelet collocation method has been used to solve nonlinear fin problem with temperature dependent thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient. thermal conductivity of fin materials varies any type so that we consider thermal conductivity as the general function of temperature.  here we consider three particular cases, where we assume that thermal conductivity is constant,...

A new algorithm has been developed for the layout based electro-thermal simulation of integrated circuits and MEMS, using simultaneous iteration. The general advantage of this method over simulator coupling is that, it is also suitable to cope with very fast changes. The usual drawback is however, that the thermal nodes have to be added to the nodes of the electrical network, rendering usually ...

Hydration and dehydration reaction processes of many organic and inorganic compounds accompany phase changes, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a very powerful technique for studying the reaction processes. Thermal analysis is another important technique often used to obtain information needed for understanding the reaction processes. Commercially available instruments for XRD and thermal analysis...

The transient interaction between a refraction index grating and light beams during simultaneous writing and thermal fixing of a photorefractive hologram is investigated. With a diffusionand photovoltaic-dominated carrier transport mechanism and carrier thermal activation (temperature dependent) considered in Fe:LiNbO3 crystal, from the standpoint of field-material coupling, the theoretical the...