background: the role of embryo transfer (et) in the success of in vitro fertilization/intra cytoplasmic sperm injection treatment is not well understood. in the present study we classified et technique as difficult and easy types according to certain strict criteria, and compared the pregnancy outcome of the two et types.   methods: this study was performed retrospectively on 295 infertile pati...

BACKGROUND Our aim was to study attitudes towards twins and single embryo transfer (SET) among IVF/ICSI-twin mothers with 3 to 4-year old children. METHODS A national survey was conducted by questionnaire (n = 1769). The study population consisted of IVF/ICSI-twin mothers (n = 266), and the two control groups of IVF/ICSI-singleton mothers (n = 764) and non-IVF/ICSI-twin mothers (n = 739), all...

Much recent progress has been made by assisted reproductive technology (ART) professionals toward minimizing the incidence of multiple pregnancy following ART treatment. While a healthy singleton birth is widely considered to be the ideal outcome of such treatment, a vocal minority continues a campaign to advocate the benefits of multiple embryo transfer as treatment and twin pregnancy as outco...

OBJECTIVE To determine how obligatory single embryo transfer (SET) and elective SET influence pregnancy outcome. STUDY DESIGN We compared women who underwent obligatory and elective SET using data from a comprehensive, population-based register from the United Kingdom Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority, which contained all in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments administered between...

IVF is performed with oocytes collected in natural and stimulated cycles. Different approaches to ovarian stimulation have been employed worldwide. Following the introduction of GnRH antagonists and strategies to reduce multiple births such as single embryo transfer, there is a genuine scientific interest in the revival of natural cycle and mild approaches to ovarian stimulation in IVF. Recent ...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to assess the psychological implications of mild ovarian stimulation combined with single embryo transfer (SET) during a first IVF cycle. METHODS We conducted a randomized controlled two-centre trial. Three hundred and ninety-one couples were randomized to undergo either mild ovarian stimulation with GnRH antagonist co-treatment and SET (n=199) or co...

background: recent reports have suggested that ultrasound-guided embryo transfer (ug-et) might improve pregnancy rates. objective: to determine whether transabdominal ug-et is a useful tool for increasing pregnancy and implantation rates in patients undergoing ivf or icsi. materials and methods: a prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted in 180 patients in order to compare embryo tra...

Embryo transfer (ET) is the final and most crucial step of the IVF procedure, characterized by a close collaboration between the clinician and the embryologist. Several studies have shown improvement in clinical pregnancy rates resulting from a focus on different aspects of the gentle embryo transfer technique. Issues such as impact of physician’s experience, trial transfer, catheter type, embr...

This review addresses issues regarding the need in the in vitro fertilization (IVF) field for further predictive markers enhancing the standing embryo selection criteria. It aims to serve as a source of defining information for an audience interested in factors related to the wide range of multiple roles played by cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in several aspects of IVF ultimately associated wi...

embryo transfer and its related factors received little clinical attention and had been, until recently, the most inefficient step in in-vitro fertilization (ivf). factors which appear to influence implantation rates are: contamination of the catheter tip with cervical bacteria, stimulation of uterine contractions during the procedure, the type of catheter, ultrasound guidance during the transf...