Background: A higher frequency of skewed X chromosome inactivation has been reported in a consecutive series of young patients with breast cancer compared with controls of a similar age. Objective: To investigate the X inactivation pattern in patients with familial non-BRCA1/BRCA2 breast cancer (n = 272), BRCA1/BRCA2 germline mutations (n = 35), and sporadic breast cancer (n = 292). Methods: X ...

This study investigates the asymptotic performance of the quadratic discriminant function (QDF) under skewed training samples. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the QDF under skewed distribution considering different sample size ratios, varying the group centroid separators and the number of variables. Three populations [Formula: see text] with increasing group ...

While standard models of risky choice account for the first and second statistical moments of reward outcome distributions (mean and variance, respectively), they often ignore the third moment, skewness. Determining a decision-maker's attitude about skewness is useful because it can help constrain process models of the mental steps involved in risky choice. We measured three rhesus monkeys' pre...

Measures of variation are statistical measures which assist in describing the distribution data set. These either used separately or together to give a wide variety ways measuring variability data. Researchers and mathematicians found out that these were not perfect, they violated algebraic laws possessed some weakness could ignore. As result facts, new measure known as geometric was formulated...

Over the last few decades, credit card fraud (CCF) has been a severe problem for both cardholders and providers. Credit transactions are fast expanding as internet technology advances, significantly relying on internet. With advanced increased usage, rates becoming economy. However, dataset is highly imbalanced skewed. Many classification techniques used to classify non-fraud but in certain con...