Objective The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) has mandated that residency programs document progression of competency-based outcomes. The Ophthalmic Clinical Evaluation Exercise (OCEX) assesses clinical skills in ophthalmology residents during patient encounters. Although OCEX has been validated for assessing several of the ACGME-mandated competencies, it was unclea...

Captioning is widely used by second language learners as an assistive tool for listening. However, the use of captions often leads to word-by-word decoding and over-reliance on reading skill rather than improving listening skill. With the purpose of encouraging the learners to listen to the audio instead of merely reading the text, the study introduces a novel technique of captioning, partial a...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although sport psychology literature focuses on psychological skills use to promote proficiency, it is still puzzling that current research has focused on psychological skills use only during competition. There remains a scarcity of empirical evidence to support the timing, and content of psychological skill application during the time preceding competition. This study ex...

Many new skills are acquired during early childhood. Typical laboratory skill learning tasks are not applicable for developmental studies that involve children younger than 8 years of age. It is not clear whether young children and adults share a basic underlying skill learning mechanism. In the present study, the learning and retention of a simple grapho-motor pattern were studied in three age...

INTRODUCTION The study of expertise tends to focus on humans who can perform extraordinary feats. Although the way in which expertise is acquired is often characterized as similar to everyday skill acquisition, the attainment of basic numeracy skills is rarely considered in the same context as the attainment of expertise. It is clear, though, that average numeracy skills possess all the hallmar...

Athletes devote their lives to practicing their chosen sport so as to attain the highest level of skilled performance. A perennial question is why are some athletes better than others? Most debates on this issue reduce to genetics (natural abilities) vs differences in accumulated deliberative practice. In contrast, the target article under discussion here reports on a study that identified psyc...

OBJECTIVE Box model trainers have been used for many years to facilitate the improvement of laparoscopic skills. However, there are limited data available on box trainers and their impact on skill acquisition, assessed by virtual reality systems. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-two Postgraduate Year 1 gynecology residents with no laparoscopic experience were randomly divided into one group that r...

background : despite its inevitable significance, the effect of in-service english education on medical professionals has rarely been studied longitudinally. the reason can be issues such as physicians’ heavy workload, commuting problems, inappropriate class times, and inexperienced teaching staff. methods : a needs assessment worksheet was administered   to faculty members of shahid beheshti u...

High profile error cases and reduced work hours have forced medicine to consider new approaches to training. Simulation-based learning for the acquisition and maintenance of skills has a growing role to play. Considerable advances have been made during the last 20 years on how simulation should be used optimally. Simulation is also more than a technology learning experience for supplanting the ...

BACKGROUND The current paradigm of arthroscopic training lacks objective evaluation of technical ability and its adequacy is concerning given the accelerating complexity of the field. To combat insufficiencies, emphasis is shifting towards skill acquisition outside the operating room and sophisticated assessment tools. We reviewed (1) the validity of cadaver and surgical simulation in arthrosco...