We report the novel photoresponse of nanodevices made from azafullerene (C(59)N)-encapsulated single-walled carbon nanotubes (C(59)N@SWNTs), so called peapods. The photoconducting properties of a C(59)N@SWNT are measured over a temperature range of 10 to 300 K under a field-effect transistor configuration. It is found that the photosensitivity of C(59)N@SWNTs depends very sensitively on the tem...

PURPOSE To monitor physiological and attention responses of drivers and codrivers during a World Rally Championship (WRC) event. METHODS Observational data were collected from ten male drivers/codrivers on heart rate (HR), core body (T core) and skin temperature (T sk), hydration status (urine osmolality), fluid intake (self-report), and visual and auditory selective attention (performance te...

Redistribution of heat from the core to the cool peripheral compartments of the body causes hypothermia during epidural anesthesia. Diminishing the temperature gradient between the core and peripheral tissues by warming the body via the skin before anesthesia should prevent this hypothermia. We measured core temperature, skin temperatures, and cutaneous heat loss in seven volunteers who receive...

OBJECTIVE Although specific temperaments have been known to be related to autonomic nervous function in some psychiatric disorders, there are few studies that have examined the relationship between temperaments and autonomic nervous function in a normal population. In this study, we examined the effect of temperament on the sympathetic nervous function in a normal population. METHODS Sixty ei...

A simple contact stimulator designed to provide quantitative assessments of thermal sensitivity of digital skin is described. The skin is tested at its normal resting temperature and thermal thresholds are given as the least differences in temperature between the skin and the stimulator which give rise to warm or cool sensations.

[1] Accurate measurements of surface radiative temperature, i.e. skin temperature, would be more directly interpretable in terms of the surface response to increase of greenhouse gases than the more conventional screen temperatures. Such measurements have not previously been attempted because of the difficulties of converting existing observations into a meaningful measurement. We have develope...

Changes in mean body temperature (DeltaT(b)) estimated by the traditional two-compartment model of "core" and "shell" temperatures and an adjusted two-compartment model incorporating a correction factor were compared with values derived by whole body calorimetry. Sixty participants (31 men, 29 women) cycled at 40% of peak O(2) consumption for 60 or 90 min in the Snellen calorimeter at 24 or 30 ...

To investigate how the sweating response to a sustained handgrip exercise depends on changes in the exercise intensity, the sweating response to exercise was measured in eight healthy male subjects. Each subject lay in the supine position in a climatic chamber (35 degrees C and 50% relative humidity) for approximately 60 min. This exposure caused sudomotor activation by increasing skin temperat...

The effect of clothing openings on thermoregulatory responses of wearers during a treadmill exercise in controlled laboratory conditions has been studied. Nine short sleeved T-shirts with varying design of clothing openings at neck and hem have been designed, and the test is performed on six males, considering 10min of standing rest, 30min of running at 55% of VO2max followed by 10min of rest. ...

The primary objective of this research was the development and deployment of autonomous shipboard systems for infrared measurement of ocean surface skin temperature (SST). The focus was on demonstrating long-term, all-weather capability and supplying calibrated skin SST to the MODIS Ocean Science Team (MOCEAN). A secondary objective was to investigate and account for environmental factors that ...