To optimize CaF2 content in highly basic CaO-18%Al2O3-SiO2-10%MgO-CaF2 (%CaO/%SiO2=6, denoted as C/S=6) refining slags used for the production of Al-killed duplex stainless steel with high cleanliness demand, effect on viscosity and ability were studied compared typical CaF2-free CaO-30%Al2O3-SiO2-10%MgO (C/S=6) slag. The addition decreasing slag becomes less obvious increasing temperature cont...

X-ray powder diffraction methods have been more and more extensively used, in the last twenty years, in the characterization of different crystalline and non-crystalline materials of archaeological, historical, artistic interest. The present paper aims to discuss the use of these methods in studying different aspects related to the Cultural Heritage conservation. This purpose has been achieved ...

In a previous paper, Brouwers and Van Eijk [1] presented a theoretical study on the dissolution (reaction) of pulverised powder coal fly ash. This fly ash was modelled as hollow spheres, and a shrinking core model was derived for these hollow spheres that contain two regions (an outer hull and an inner region). The obtained analytical equations were applied to the dissolution experiments by Pie...

Herein a big Fe-C-Ca cycle, clarifying the basic element flows and energy flows in modern carbon-intensive industries including the metallurgical industry and the cement industry, was proposed for the first time in the contexts of emission reduction and iron ore degradation nowadays. This big cycle was focused on three industrial elements of Fe, C and Ca and thus it mainly comprised three inter...

The O/O and C/C ratios of carbonate minerals formed by supergene oxidation of Zn–Pb deposits and submarine alteration of ancient slags were studied in order to constrain isotope fractionation factors for smithsonite, cerussite, and phosgenite, and to characterize conditions of nonsulfide ore formation. We present new isotope data of carbonate-hosted ores from the Iglesiente district (Sardinia, ...

This chapter explains the manifold geobiotechnological possibilities to separate industrial valuable metals from various industrial residues and stored waste products of the past. In addition to an overview of the different microbially catalyzed chemical reactions applicable for a separation of metals and details of published studies, results of many individual investigations from various resea...

Research on Phosphorus (P) removal capacity by blast furnace slags (BFS) has been undertaken in Sweden for the last decade. Both laboratory experiments and field trials have been carried out. While laboratory investigations revealed that BFS has a high P-sorption capacity (95–100%), P removal in field trials was much lower, ranging from 40 to 53%. In addition, a number of problems have been obs...