In this commentary, the process performance of natural rubber processing wastewater systems was evaluated and compared. The key factors evaluated in here comprised the following: the type of wastewater, the prevention of system clogging by coagulated rubber, and the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This commentary examined these variables in existing systems and in a pilot-scale rea...

Electrochemical technologies have proved to be useful for the treatment of wastewater, and recent years, there are growing interests in electrochemical treatment of the salty organic wastewater. The aim of this paper is to mainly present the source of the salty organic wastewater, the mechanism of direct and indirect oxidation process, and the research advances of electrochemical technologies i...

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) represent a new method for treating animal wastewaters and simultaneously producing electricity. Preliminary tests using a two-chambered MFC with an aqueous cathode indicated that electricity could be generated from swine wastewater containing 8320 +/- 190 mg/L of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) (maximum power density of 45 mW/m2). More extensive tests with a s...

The use of metagenomics for virome characterization and its implementation wastewater analyses, including wastewater-based epidemiology, has increased in the last years. However, lack standardized methods can led to highly different results. aim this work was analyze profiles upstream downstream samples collected from four treatment plants (WWTPs) using two library preparation kits. Viral parti...

Wastewater microbiology http://uctm-biotechnology.org/Wastewater_Microbiology. pdf This site provides a link to a comprehensive book on wastewater microbiology with chapters on public health, general microbiology and fate of chemicals in wastewater. Wastewater microbiology: YouTube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=epAh6hHOq3c This YouTube video is well-made and informational. It is very useful to...

In this commentary, the process performance of natural rubber processing wastewater systems was evaluated and compared. The key factors evaluated in here comprised the following: the type of wastewater, the prevention of system clogging by coagulated rubber, and the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This commentary examined these variables in existing systems and in a pilot-scale rea...

Background: The flukes liver is common parasite of human and livestock that has effect on loss of economic. The human is final host parasites that infected of flukes liver. The fluke is a significant human health problem and damage liver of human. Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was performed in the livestock of slaughtered in the slaughter house in Khormabad and 2912 liv...

Pre-slaughter stress has a negative impact on animal welfare and on meat quality. Aggressive behaviour when pigs are mixed together for transportation to, or on arrival at, the abattoir is an important factor in pre-slaughter stress. Aggressiveness of pigs varies between individuals in the population, and this study investigated its effects on stress and meat quality at slaughter. We mixed pigs...

The activated sludge process is commonly used to treat wastewater by aerobic oxidation of organic pollutants into carbon dioxide and water. However, several nonoxidative mechanisms can also contribute to removal of organics. Sorption onto activated sludge can remove a large fraction of the colloidal and particulate wastewater organics. Intracellular storage of, e.g., polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)...

This paper employs the discrete choice experiment method to estimate the benefits of improved wastewater treatment programs to mitigate the impacts of water pollution in Nairobi, Kenya. Urban and peri-urban farmers who use wastewater for irrigation from Motoine to Ngong River in Nairobi were randomly selected for the study. A random parameter logit model was used to estimate the individual leve...