Abatract: Panax Notoginseng Saponins (PNS), extracted from the roots of the common TCM Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H.Chen, consist of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rd and many other chemicals which haven’t been identified. Due to its popular pharmacological effects, it is of importance to control the quality. This study combines design of experiments and design space methodology...

An important measure of the capitalland ratio in urban areas is the Floor Area Ratio (FAR), which gives a building’s total floor area divided by the plot size. Variations in the FAR across cities remain an understudied measure of urban spatial structure. We examine how the FAR varies across the five boroughs of New York City. In particular, we focus on the FAR gradient over the 20 century. Firs...

Spirospermum penduliflorum Thouars (Menispermaceae) is an endemic species of Madagascar traditionally used as vasorelaxant. Recently, two aporphine alkaloids known to possess antihypertensive activity (dicentrine and neolitsine) were isolated and identified from the leaves of this plant. In the present study, a HPLC-UV method allowing the separation of all alkaloids and the quantification of di...

A major question for climate studies is to quantify the role of turbulent eddy fluxes in maintaining the observed atmospheric mean state. Both the equator-to-pole temperature gradient and the static stability of the extratropical atmosphere are set by a balance between these eddy fluxes and the radiative forcing. Much attention has been paid to the adjustment of the isentropic slope, which rela...

Open-cut coal mining in Queensland results in the formation of extensive saline overburden spoil-piles with steep slopes at the angle of repose (approximately 75% or 37o). These spoil-piles are generally found in multiple rows, several kilometers in length and heights of up to 50 or 60 m above the original landscape. They are highly dispersive and erodible. Legislation demands that these spoil ...

Knowledge of altitudinal patterns in soil C, N and P distribution is important for understanding biogeochemical processes mountainous forests, yet the influence slope aspects on stoichiometry has been largely neglected previous studies. In this paper, a total number 150 topsoil samples at four altitudes (3700, 3900, 4100, 4380 m a.s.l.) sunny shady slopes Sygera mountains Southeastern Tibet wer...

We investigate the radial colour gradient and two-dimensional (2D) colour properties of 22 E+A galaxies with 5.5Å < Hδ EW < 8.5Å and 49 normal early-type galaxies as a control sample at a redshift of < 0.2 in the Second Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We found that a substantial number of E+A galaxies exhibit positive slopes of radial colour gradient (bluer gradients toward the ce...

This study aims to investigate and optimize the effects of the main parameters including the particle size, gravity and magnetic separation combination, high gradient magnetic separation, magnetic field intensity, shaking table slope, washing water flow, and electrostatic separation upon the rare earth element (REE) recoveries from iron mine waste. The electron microprobe showed that high amoun...

Slope cutting is becoming more common in engineering construction to obtain a large floor area. disrupts slope’s inherent stability, causing instability and sliding. To solve the problem of geological disasters caused by artificial slope cutting, Cangxi County used as an example analyze height different structures county, study disaster mode factors influence gradient on process. This demonstra...